2007
Enzastaurin, a Protein Kinase Cβ–Selective Inhibitor, and Its Potential Application as an Anticancer Agent in Lung Cancer
Herbst RS, Oh Y, Wagle A, Lahn M. Enzastaurin, a Protein Kinase Cβ–Selective Inhibitor, and Its Potential Application as an Anticancer Agent in Lung Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2007, 13: 4641s-4646s. PMID: 17671157, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0538.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerine/threonine kinase inhibitorLung cancerOral serine/threonine kinase inhibitorProtein kinase CFavorable safety profileCurrent phase IKinase CTumor cell apoptosisAkt pathwayClinical findingsSafety profilePKC inhibitorTumor-induced angiogenesisPreclinical experienceCell apoptosisEnzastaurinKinase inhibitorsPhase ICancer
2006
Phase I Dose Escalation and Pharmacokinetic Study of Enzastaurin, an Oral Protein Kinase C Beta Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Cancer
Carducci MA, Musib L, Kies MS, Pili R, Truong M, Brahmer JR, Cole P, Sullivan R, Riddle J, Schmidt J, Enas N, Sinha V, Thornton DE, Herbst RS. Phase I Dose Escalation and Pharmacokinetic Study of Enzastaurin, an Oral Protein Kinase C Beta Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2006, 24: 4092-4099. PMID: 16943527, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.05.3447.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministration, OralAdultAgedAntineoplastic AgentsDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleFlow CytometryGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansIndolesMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProtein Kinase CProtein Kinase C betaProtein Kinase InhibitorsConceptsMaximum-tolerated doseProtein kinase C beta inhibitorStable diseaseAdvanced cancerEastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance statusSignificant grade 3/4 toxicityBeta inhibitorGrade 3/4 toxicitiesPhase II dosePhase II trialDose-limiting toxicityYears of ageExpansion cohortGI toxicityII trialStarting dosePerformance statusDose escalationAdditional patientsNeck cancerPrevalent malignancySafety dataPatientsSecondary objectiveEnzastaurinDevelopment and Validation of a Drug Activity Biomarker that Shows Target Inhibition in Cancer Patients Receiving Enzastaurin, a Novel Protein Kinase C-β Inhibitor
Green LJ, Marder P, Ray C, Cook CA, Jaken S, Musib LC, Herbst RS, Carducci M, Britten CD, Basche M, Eckhardt SG, Thornton D. Development and Validation of a Drug Activity Biomarker that Shows Target Inhibition in Cancer Patients Receiving Enzastaurin, a Novel Protein Kinase C-β Inhibitor. Clinical Cancer Research 2006, 12: 3408-3415. PMID: 16740765, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2231.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkersCapecitabineCell Line, TumorClinical Trials, Phase I as TopicDeoxycytidineEnzyme ActivatorsEnzyme InhibitorsFlow CytometryFluorouracilFollow-Up StudiesHumansIndolesLeukocytes, MononuclearMonocytesNeoplasmsProtein Kinase CProtein Kinase C betaReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySignal TransductionStructure-Activity RelationshipTreatment OutcomeConceptsPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsDaily oral dosesBlood mononuclear cellsCancer patientsOral dosesMononuclear cellsFlow cytometryDrug activity biomarkerPKC activityTarget cellsActivity biomarkersPhorbol esterNormal donorsPatientsActivity of PKCU937 cell lineTarget inhibitionEnzastaurinKinase inhibitorsΒ inhibitorSignificant decreaseCell linesU937 cellsIntracellular phosphoproteinsProtein kinase C