2024
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: A SMART-C Collaborative Meta-Analysis
Patel S, Kang Y, Im K, Neuen B, Anker S, Bhatt D, Butler J, Cherney D, Claggett B, Fletcher R, Herrington W, Inzucchi S, Jardine M, Mahaffey K, McGuire D, McMurray J, Neal B, Packer M, Perkovic V, Solomon S, Staplin N, Vaduganathan M, Wanner C, Wheeler D, Zannad F, Zhao Y, Heerspink H, Sabatine M, Wiviott S. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: A SMART-C Collaborative Meta-Analysis. Circulation 2024, 149: 1789-1801. PMID: 38583093, PMCID: PMC11149938, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.069568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitorsSudden cardiac deathAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular deathPatient populationHF deathCardiac deathReduction of cardiovascular deathTrial-level meta-analysisMyocardial infarctionCardiovascular diseaseOverall populationCotransporter-2 inhibitorsRisk of MACETrial of patientsRate of MACEIndividual components of MACEAdverse cardiovascular eventsKidney-related outcomesAll-cause mortalityChronic kidney diseaseComponents of MACESGLT2i therapyPlacebo-controlledClinical characteristicsCardiovascular Outcomes in GRADE (Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Type 2 Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study)
Green J, Everett B, Ghosh A, Younes N, Krause-Steinrauf H, Barzilay J, Desouza C, Inzucchi S, Pokharel Y, Schade D, Scrymgeour A, Tan M, Utzschneider K, Mudaliar S, Crandall J, McKee M, Behringer-Massera S, Brown-Friday J, Xhori E, Ballentine-Cargill K, Duran S, Estrella H, Gonzalez de la Torre S, Lukin J, Phillips L, Burgess E, Olson D, Rhee M, Wilson P, Raines T, Boers J, Costello J, Maher-Albertelli M, Mungara R, Savoye L, White C, Gullett C, Holloway L, Morehead F, Person S, Sibymon M, Tanukonda S, Adams C, Ross A, Balasubramanyam A, Gaba R, Gonzalez Hattery E, Ideozu A, Jimenez J, Montes G, Wright C, Hollander P, Roe E, Jackson A, Smiley A, Burt P, Estrada L, Chionh K, Ismail-Beigi F, Falck-Ytter C, Sayyed Kassem L, Sood A, Tiktin M, Kulow T, Newman C, Stancil K, Cramer B, Iacoboni J, Kononets M, Sanders C, Tucker L, Werner A, Maxwell A, McPhee G, Patel C, Colosimo L, Krol A, Goland R, Pring J, Alfano L, Kringas P, Hausheer C, Tejada J, Gumpel K, Kirpitch A, Schneier H, AbouAssi H, Chatterjee R, Feinglos M, English Jones J, Khan S, Kimpel J, Zimmer R, Furst M, Satterwhite B, Thacker C, Evans Kreider K, Mariash C, Mather K, Ismail H, Lteif A, Mullen M, Hamilton T, Patel N, Riera G, Jackson M, Pirics V, Aguillar D, Howard D, Hurt S, Bergenstal R, Carlson A, Martens T, Johnson M, Hill R, Hyatt J, Jensen C, Madden M, Martin D, Willis H, Konerza W, Yang S, Kleeberger K, Passi R, Fortmann S, Herson M, Mularski K, Glauber H, Prihoda J, Ash B, Carlson C, Ramey P, Schield E, Torgrimson-Ojerio B, Arnold K, Kauffman B, Panos E, Sahnow S, Bays K, Berame K, Cook J, Ghioni D, Gluth J, Schell K, Criscola J, Friason C, Jones S, Nazarov S, Rassouli N, Puttnam R, Ojoawo B, Nelson R, Curtis M, Hollis B, Sanders-Jones C, Stokes K, El-Haqq Z, Kolli A, Tran T, Wexler D, Larkin M, Meigs J, Chambers B, Dushkin A, Rocchio G, Yepes M, Steiner B, Dulin H, Cayford M, Chu K, DeManbey A, Hillard M, Martin K, Thangthaeng N, Gurry L, Kochis R, Raymond E, Ripley V, Stevens C, Park J, Aroda V, Ghazi A, Magee M, Ressing A, Loveland A, Hamm M, Hurtado M, Kuhn A, Leger J, Manandhar L, Mwicigi F, Sanchez O, Young T, Garg R, Lagari-Libhaber V, Florez H, Valencia W, Marks J, Casula S, Oropesa-Gonzalez L, Hue L, Cuadot A, Nieto-Martinez R, Riccio Veliz A, Gutt M, Kendal Y, Veciana B, Ahmann A, Aby-Daniel D, Joarder F, Morimoto V, Sprague C, Yamashita D, Cady N, Rivera-Eschright N, Kirchhoff P, Morales Gomez B, Adducci J, Goncharova A, Hox S, Petrovitch H, Matwichyna M, Jenkins V, Broadwater L, Ishii R, Bermudez N, Hsia D, Cefalu W, Greenway F, Waguespack C, King E, Fry G, Dragg A, Gildersleeve B, Arceneaux J, Haynes N, Thomassie A, Pavlionis M, Bourgeois B, Hazlett C, Henry R, Boeder S, Pettus J, Diaz E, Garcia-Acosta D, Maggs S, DeLue C, Stallings A, Castro E, Hernandez S, Krakoff J, Curtis J, Killean T, Khalid M, Joshevama E, Diaz E, Martin D, Tsingine K, Karshner T, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer F, Frances S, Maggio C, Ellis E, Bastawrose J, Gong X, Banerji M, August P, Lee M, Lorber D, Brown N, Josephson D, Thomas L, Tsovian M, Cherian A, Jacobson M, Mishko M, Kirkman M, Buse J, Diner J, Dostou J, Machineni S, Young L, Bergamo K, Goley A, Kerr J, Largay J, Guarda S, Cuffee J, Culmer D, Fraser R, Almeida H, Coffer S, Debnam E, Kiker L, Morton S, Josey K, Fuller G, Garvey W, Cherrington A, Dyer D, Lawson M, Griffith O, Agne A, McCullars S, Cohen R, Craig J, Rogge M, Burton K, Kersey K, Wilson C, Lipp S, Vonder Meulen M, Adkins C, Onadeko T, Rasouli N, Baker C, Schroeder E, Razzaghi M, Lyon C, Penaloza R, Underkofler C, Lorch R, Douglass S, Steiner S, Sivitz W, Cline E, Knosp L, McConnell J, Lowe T, Herman W, Pop-Busui R, Martin C, Waltje A, Katona A, Goodhall L, Eggleston R, Kuo S, Bojescu S, Bule S, Kessler N, LaSalle E, Whitley K, Seaquist E, Bantle A, Harindhanavudhi T, Kumar A, Redmon B, Bantle J, Coe M, Mech M, Taddese A, Lesne L, Smith S, Kuechenmeister L, Shivaswamy V, Burbach S, Rodriguez M, Seipel K, Alfred A, Morales A, Eggert J, Lord G, Taylor W, Tillson R, Adolphe A, Burge M, Duran-Valdez E, Martinez J, Bancroft A, Kunkel S, Ali Jamaleddin Ahmad F, Hernandez McGinnis D, Pucchetti B, Scripsick E, Zamorano A, DeFronzo R, Cersosimo E, Abdul-Ghani M, Triplitt C, Juarez D, Mullen M, Garza R, Verastiqui H, Wright K, Puckett C, Raskin P, Rhee C, Abraham S, Jordan L, Sao S, Morton L, Smith O, Osornio Walker L, Schnurr-Breen L, Ayala R, Kreymer R, Sturgess D, Kahn S, Alarcon-Casas Wright L, Boyko E, Tsai E, Trence D, Trikudanathan S, Fattaleh B, Montgomery B, Atkinson K, Kozedub A, Concepcion T, Moak C, Prikhodko N, Rhothisen S, Elasy T, Martin S, Shackelford L, Goidel R, Hinkle N, Lovell C, Myers J, Lipps Hogan J, McGill J, Salam M, Schweiger T, Kissel S, Recklein C, Clifton M, Tamborlane W, Camp A, Gulanski B, Pham K, Alguard M, Gatcomb P, Lessard K, Perez M, Iannone L, Magenheimer E, Montosa A, Cefalu W, Fradkin J, Burch H, Bremer A, Nathan D, Lachin J, Buse J, Kahn S, Larkin M, Tiktin M, Wexler D, Burch H, Bremer A, Lachin J, Bebu I, Butera N, Buys C, Fagan A, Gao Y, Gramzinski M, Hall S, Kazemi E, Legowski E, Liu H, Suratt C, Tripputi M, Arey A, Backman M, Bethepu J, Lund C, Mangat Dhaliwal P, McGee P, Mesimer E, Ngo L, Steffes M, Seegmiller J, Saenger A, Arends V, Gabrielson D, Conner T, Warren S, Day J, Huminik J, Soliman E, Zhang Z, Campbell C, Hu J, Keasler L, Hensley S, Li Y, Herman W, Kuo S, Martin C, Waltje A, Mihalcea R, Min D, Perez-Rosas V, Prosser L, Resnicow K, Ye W, Shao H, Zhang P, Luchsinger J, Sanchez D, Assuras S, Groessl E, Sakha F, Chong H, Hillery N, Abdouch I, Bahtiyar G, Brantley P, Broyles F, Canaris G, Copeland P, Craine J, Fein W, Gliwa A, Hope L, Lee M, Meiners R, Meiners V, O’Neal H, Park J, Sacerdote A, Sledge Jr E, Soni L, Steppel-Reznik J, Turchin A. Cardiovascular Outcomes in GRADE (Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Type 2 Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study). Circulation 2024, 149: 993-1003. PMID: 38344820, PMCID: PMC10978227, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066604.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType 2 diabetesGlucose-lowering medicationsCardiovascular diseaseMACE-4MACE-3Baseline prevalence of cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular outcomesPrevalence of cardiovascular diseaseCohort of adultsContemporary cohort of adultsCox proportional hazards modelsEffects of glucose-lowering medicationsLow cardiovascular riskProportional hazards modelType 2 diabetes durationRisk of cardiovascular eventsPrespecified outcomesHazards modelCardiovascular riskInvestigated cardiovascular outcomesLow riskLiraglutide-treated groupStatistically significant differenceHeart failureCumulative incidence
2023
Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: cardiovascular effects in people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Tan X, Liang Y, Rajpura J, Yedigarova L, Noone J, Xie L, Inzucchi S, de Havenon A. Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: cardiovascular effects in people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2023, 22: 319. PMID: 37985992, PMCID: PMC10662529, DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02051-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care resource utilizationAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseGLP-1 RAsCause health care resource utilizationPeptide-1 receptor agonistsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsDPP-4i usersPeptidase-4 inhibitorsMyocardial infarctionMedical costsDPP-4iIschemic strokeReceptor agonistCardiovascular diseaseGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsWeekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistWeekly GLP-1 RAsCause ER visitsCause hospitalization costsCause medical costsNew adult usersClinical cardiovascular outcomesObservational cohort studyType 2 diabetesCause outpatient visits
2022
Blood Pressure and Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction DELIVER
Selvaraj S, Vaduganathan M, Claggett B, Miao Z, Fang J, Vardeny O, Desai A, Shah S, Lam C, Martinez F, Inzucchi S, de Boer R, Petersson M, Langkilde A, McMurray J, Solomon S. Blood Pressure and Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction DELIVER. JACC Heart Failure 2022, 11: 76-89. PMID: 36599553, DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2022.09.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic blood pressureBlood pressureHeart failureSBP categoriesEjection fractionPrimary outcomeKansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom scoreTreatment effectsSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsBaseline systolic blood pressureBlood pressure-lowering effectHigher systolic blood pressureHigher heart failureClass I recommendationCotransporter 2 inhibitorsPressure-lowering effectTotal symptom scoreCardiovascular outcomesAdverse eventsAntihypertensive effectSecondary outcomesStroke riskI recommendationSymptom scoresCardiovascular disease
2021
319-OR: Effects of Empagliflozin on Markers of Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis and Their Relation to Cardiorenal Outcomes in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial
KAHL S, OFSTAD A, ZINMAN B, WANNER C, SCHUELER E, INZUCCHI S, RODEN M. 319-OR: Effects of Empagliflozin on Markers of Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis and Their Relation to Cardiorenal Outcomes in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Diabetes 2021, 70 DOI: 10.2337/db21-319-or.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseNAFLD fibrosis scoreCardiorenal outcomesFibrosis riskEMPA-REG OUTCOMELiver fat contentRisk of steatosisEffect of empagliflozinFatty liver diseaseType 2 diabetesCause deathDaily empagliflozinSteatosis indexHeart failureFibrosis scoreLiver diseaseCox regressionCardiovascular diseaseHigh riskEmpagliflozinPlaceboSteatosisRisk categoriesBaselineMeasures analysisEmpagliflozin facilitates sustained insulin dose reductions in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial
Vaduganathan M, Sattar N, Fitchett D, George J, Ofstad A, Verma S, Mattheus M, Wanner C, Inzucchi, Zinman B, Butler J. Empagliflozin facilitates sustained insulin dose reductions in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Diabetologie Und Stoffwechsel 2021, 16: s18-s19. DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727336.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInsulin dose reductionType 2 diabetesEMPA-REGCardiovascular diseaseDose reductionDiabetesPatientsDiseaseTrials
2020
1128-P: Empagliflozin and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Exploratory Analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial
NEELAND I, ELIASSON B, KASAI T, MARX N, ZINMAN B, INZUCCHI S, WANNER C, ZWIENER I, WOJECK B, YAGGI H, JOHANSEN O. 1128-P: Empagliflozin and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Exploratory Analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1128-p.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchObstructive sleep apneaNew-onset obstructive sleep apneaCardiovascular diseaseDohme Corp.Novo Nordisk A/SMundipharma InternationalMerck SharpEli LillyEMPA-REG OUTCOMEIncident obstructive sleep apneaFavorable metabolic effectsSanofi-AventisSystolic blood pressureCoronary artery diseaseType 2 diabetesAdvisory PanelEMPA-REGOSA statusPhilips RespironicsSanofi GenzymeSevere obesityArtery diseaseBlood pressureWaist circumferenceSleep apnea131-LB: Empagliflozin Reduces the Total Burden of All-Cause Hospitalizations (ACH) and Mortality in EMPA-REG Outcome
INZUCCHI S, ZINMAN B, WANNER C, FITCHETT D, ANKER S, POCOCK S, KASPERS S, GEORGE J, JOHANSEN O, JAMAL W, HANTEL S, LUND S. 131-LB: Empagliflozin Reduces the Total Burden of All-Cause Hospitalizations (ACH) and Mortality in EMPA-REG Outcome. Diabetes 2020, 69 DOI: 10.2337/db20-131-lb.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseEMPA-REG OUTCOMEEffect of empagliflozinTotal burdenEli LillyHeart failure riskType 2 diabetesNervous system disordersTotal eventsAdvisory PanelSt. Jude MedicalLowest NNTMundipharma InternationalSanofi GenzymeCause hospitalizationCause mortalityCardiovascular mortalityFrequent hospitalizationsDohme Corp.Novo Nordisk A/SCardiovascular diseaseCardiac dimensionsHospitalization categoriesSystem disordersEmpagliflozin
2019
P6270Empagliflozin reduces the total burden of first and recurrent hospitalisations in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease
McGuire D, Zinman B, Inzucchi S, Anker S, Wanner C, Kaspers S, Von Eynatten M, Johansen O, Elsasser U, Pocock S, Fitchett D, Jamal W, Hantel S, Lund S. P6270Empagliflozin reduces the total burden of first and recurrent hospitalisations in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. European Heart Journal 2019, 40: ehz746.0869. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0869.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEMPA-REG OUTCOME trialEffect of empagliflozinCause hospitalisationType 2 diabetesHospitalisation eventsOutcome trialsHeart failureCardiovascular diseaseMajor adverse CV eventsTotal burdenAdjusted hazard ratioAdverse CV eventsAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseCox regression modelStandard of careEvent rate ratioCV deathCV eventsEmpagliflozin groupPlacebo patientsRecurrent hospitalisationsCV diseasePlacebo groupFirst eventHazard ratio
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