2024
Molecular MR Imaging of T-Cell Immune Response to Cryoablation in Immunologically Hot vs. Cold Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Santana J, Shewarega A, Nam D, Duncan J, Madoff D, Hyder F, Coman D, Chapiro J. Molecular MR Imaging of T-Cell Immune Response to Cryoablation in Immunologically Hot vs. Cold Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JHEP Reports 2024, 101294. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101294.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchT cell infiltrationHepatocellular carcinomaRadiological-pathological correlationImaging mass cytometryImmune responseT1-weighted MRITumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytesAnti-tumor immune responseCD8+ T lymphocytesIncreased T lymphocyte infiltrationImaging biomarkersNon-immunogenic tumorsSystemic lymph nodesT lymphocyte infiltrationMurine tumor modelsImmune cell typesLocal tumor therapyPrimary liver cancerNon-invasive imaging biomarkerTesla MRI scannerInduce liver cirrhosisImmunogenic tumorsLocoregional therapySystemic immunotherapyHCC lesionsTumor response assessment in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: imaging biomarkers for clinical decision-making
Sobirey R, Matuschewski N, Gross M, Lin M, Kao T, Kasolowsky V, Strazzabosco M, Stein S, Savic L, Gebauer B, Jaffe A, Duncan J, Madoff D, Chapiro J. Tumor response assessment in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy: imaging biomarkers for clinical decision-making. European Radiology 2024, 1-11. PMID: 39033181, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10955-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMedian overall survivalTumor response criteriaTumor response assessmentHepatocellular carcinoma patientsHepatocellular carcinomaTumor responseOverall survivalResponse criteriaResponse assessmentNon-respondersPoorer median overall survivalPrediction of tumor responsePredictive valueHepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapyDisease controlPrognostic of survivalClinical baseline parametersLog-rank testKaplan-Meier curvesMultivariate Cox regressionPredicting overall survivalCox regression modelsSurvival benefitStratify patientsMRI pre-Automated graded prognostic assessment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning
Gross M, Haider S, Ze’evi T, Huber S, Arora S, Kucukkaya A, Iseke S, Gebauer B, Fleckenstein F, Dewey M, Jaffe A, Strazzabosco M, Chapiro J, Onofrey J. Automated graded prognostic assessment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning. European Radiology 2024, 34: 6940-6952. PMID: 38536464, PMCID: PMC11399284, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10624-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchContrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingClinical staging systemTime of diagnosisHepatocellular carcinomaClinical dataMortality risk predictionOverall survivalStaging systemRadiomic featuresManagement of hepatocellular carcinomaPersonalized follow-up strategiesAssociated with OSMethodsThis retrospective studyHepatocellular carcinoma patientsBaseline magnetic resonance imagingMRI radiomics featuresIndependent validation cohortHarrell's C-indexRisk predictionFollow-up strategiesHigh-risk groupPredictive risk scoreRadiomics feature extractionMedian timeEffect of Incomplete Cryoablation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition on Intratumoral CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration in Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Shewarega A, Santana J, Nam D, Berz A, Tefera J, Kahl V, Mishra S, Coman D, Duncan J, Roberts S, Wetter A, Madoff D, Chapiro J. Effect of Incomplete Cryoablation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition on Intratumoral CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration in Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Radiology 2024, 310: e232365. PMID: 38349244, PMCID: PMC10902598, DOI: 10.1148/radiol.232365.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cell infiltrationCD8<sup>+</sup> T cellsMatrix metalloproteinase inhibitionT cellsHepatocellular carcinomaMatrix metalloproteinase inhibitorsMatrix metalloproteinasesResidual tumorCXCR3<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T cellsCytotoxic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltrationIntratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltrationCD8+ T cell infiltrationCD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltrationMouse model of hepatocellular carcinomaEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaImage-guided tumor ablationUnpaired Student's <i>t</i> testModel of hepatocellular carcinomaFirst-line therapyMurine hepatocellular carcinomaT cell subsetsTumor-associated macrophagesMurine HCC modelLocal immune responseFemale BALB/c mice
2023
Ethiodized oil as an imaging biomarker after conventional transarterial chemoembolization
Mendiratta-Lala M, Aslam A, Bai H, Chapiro J, De Baere T, Miyayama S, Chernyak V, Matsui O, Vilgrain V, Fidelman N. Ethiodized oil as an imaging biomarker after conventional transarterial chemoembolization. European Radiology 2023, 34: 3284-3297. PMID: 37930412, PMCID: PMC11126446, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10326-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConventional transarterial chemoembolizationTreatment response assessmentEthiodized oilHepatocellular carcinomaTransarterial chemoembolizationTreatment responseResponse assessmentIntermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinomaDuration of responsePortion of tumorPost-treatment imagingTissue drug concentrationsPost-treatment prognosisChemotherapy solutionLiver transplantationLocoregional therapyChemotherapy dosesCombination therapyStandard treatmentTherapy optionsTumor responseImaging appearancesIntraarterial embolizationTumor necrosisTumor vasculature
2022
Experimental VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model in Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Cirrhosis of the Liver
Santana J, Shewarega A, Nam D, Kahl V, Madoff D, Zhang X, Chapiro J. Experimental VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model in Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Cirrhosis of the Liver. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2022, 34: 404-408.e1. PMID: 36473611, PMCID: PMC11037556, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.11.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLiver cirrhosisMale New Zealand white rabbitsRabbit liver tumor modelCirrhotic liver backgroundReproducible tumor growthVX2 liver cancerLeft hepatic lobeNew Zealand white rabbitsDuration of treatmentLiver tumor modelCross-sectional imagingVX2 rabbit liver tumor modelZealand white rabbitsHepatic lobeHistopathological evaluationMajor underlying factorHepatic tumorsIntragastric administrationHepatocellular carcinomaLiver tumorsLiver cancerCirrhosisUnmet needTumor growthVX2 tumorsDefining textbook outcome for selective internal radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: an international expert study
Gregory J, Tselikas L, Allimant C, de Baere T, Bargellini I, Bell J, Bilbao JI, Bouvier A, Chapiro J, Chiesa C, Decaens T, Denys A, Duran R, Edeline J, Garin E, Ghelfi J, Helmberger T, Irani F, Lam M, Lewandowski R, Liu D, Loffroy R, Madoff DC, Mastier C, Salem R, Sangro B, Sze D, Vilgrain V, Vouche M, Guiu B, Ronot M. Defining textbook outcome for selective internal radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: an international expert study. European Journal Of Nuclear Medicine And Molecular Imaging 2022, 50: 921-928. PMID: 36282299, DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06002-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSelective internal radiation therapyTextbook outcomeInternal radiation therapyHepatocellular carcinomaRadiation therapyPatient-important outcomesLarge observational studiesNuclear medicine physiciansEntire intervention processRandomized trialsRoutine careResultsA totalObservational studyMultistep interventionMedicine physiciansInterventional radiologistsSenior authorClinical roundsCarcinomaTherapyInterventionOutcomesMachine Learning Models for Prediction of Posttreatment Recurrence in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Pretreatment Clinical and MRI Features: A Proof-of-Concept Study.
Iseke S, Zeevi T, Kucukkaya AS, Raju R, Gross M, Haider SP, Petukhova-Greenstein A, Kuhn TN, Lin M, Nowak M, Cooper K, Thomas E, Weber MA, Madoff DC, Staib L, Batra R, Chapiro J. Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Posttreatment Recurrence in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Pretreatment Clinical and MRI Features: A Proof-of-Concept Study. American Journal Of Roentgenology 2022, 220: 245-255. PMID: 35975886, PMCID: PMC10015590, DOI: 10.2214/ajr.22.28077.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaLiver transplantHepatocellular carcinomaImaging featuresPosttreatment recurrenceOrgan allocationMean AUCLiver transplant eligibilityPretreatment clinical characteristicsPretreatment MRI examinationsKaplan-Meier analysisKaplan-Meier curvesClinical characteristicsImaging surveillanceTherapy allocationTransplant eligibilityUnderwent treatmentClinical parametersRetrospective studyUnpredictable complicationMRI dataConcept studyPoor survivalClinical impactPretreatment MRIIntraarterial Therapies for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Garg T, Shrigiriwar A, Habibollahi P, Cristescu M, Liddell RP, Chapiro J, Inglis P, Camacho JC, Nezami N. Intraarterial Therapies for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers 2022, 14: 3351. PMID: 35884412, PMCID: PMC9322128, DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143351.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDrug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolizationHepatic artery infusionHepatocellular carcinomaTransarterial therapiesTransarterial chemoembolizationImage-guided locoregional therapiesBead transarterial chemoembolizationCatheter-based treatmentManagement of patientsLocoregional therapyBland embolizationIntraarterial therapyRadioembolization therapyEmbolic agentTherapyChemoembolizationCarcinomaEmbolizationPatientsArteryReviewInfusionTumorsMR Imaging Biomarkers for the Prediction of Outcome after Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Qualitative and Quantitative Assessments of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System and Radiomic Features
Petukhova-Greenstein A, Zeevi T, Yang J, Chai N, DiDomenico P, Deng Y, Ciarleglio M, Haider SP, Onyiuke I, Malpani R, Lin M, Kucukkaya AS, Gottwald LA, Gebauer B, Revzin M, Onofrey J, Staib L, Gunabushanam G, Taddei T, Chapiro J. MR Imaging Biomarkers for the Prediction of Outcome after Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Qualitative and Quantitative Assessments of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System and Radiomic Features. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2022, 33: 814-824.e3. PMID: 35460887, PMCID: PMC9335926, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.04.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgression-free survivalPoor progression-free survivalLiver Imaging ReportingHepatocellular carcinomaMR imaging biomarkersRadiomics signatureRadiofrequency ablationRadiomic featuresImaging biomarkersImaging ReportingFirst follow-up imagingMedian progression-free survivalRF ablationEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaPretreatment magnetic resonanceFirst-line treatmentMultifocal hepatocellular carcinomaSelection operator Cox regression modelTherapy-naïve patientsEarly-stage diseaseKaplan-Meier analysisCox regression modelLog-rank testFollow-up imagingPrediction of outcomeOptimization of the BCLC Staging System for Locoregional Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Using Quantitative Tumor Burden Imaging Biomarkers at MRI.
Borde T, Nezami N, Laage Gaupp F, Savic LJ, Taddei T, Jaffe A, Strazzabosco M, Lin M, Duran R, Georgiades C, Hong K, Chapiro J. Optimization of the BCLC Staging System for Locoregional Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Using Quantitative Tumor Burden Imaging Biomarkers at MRI. Radiology 2022, 304: 228-237. PMID: 35412368, PMCID: PMC9270683, DOI: 10.1148/radiol.212426.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedian overall survivalAdvanced-stage hepatocellular carcinomaTransarterial chemoembolizationHepatocellular carcinomaBCLC BBCLC COverall survivalTumor burdenBarcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging systemLiver Cancer staging systemCancer (AJCC) staging systemConventional transarterial chemoembolizationDrug-eluting beadsAllocation of patientsContrast-enhanced MRIBackground PatientsSurvival benefitRetrospective studyStaging systemC tumorsTumor volumePatientsHeterogeneous patientsMonthsChemoembolizationTranslating artificial intelligence from code to bedside: The road towards AI-driven predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Chapiro J. Translating artificial intelligence from code to bedside: The road towards AI-driven predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal Of Hepatology 2022, 77: 6-8. PMID: 35417743, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.035.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Machine Learning–Based Surveillance Strategy after Complete Ablation of Initially Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Worth the Risk?
Nam D, Chapiro J. Machine Learning–Based Surveillance Strategy after Complete Ablation of Initially Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Worth the Risk? Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology 2021, 32: 1558-1559. PMID: 34717834, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.08.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecurrent hepatocellular carcinomaHepatocellular carcinomaComplete ablationSurveillance strategiesLipiodol as an intra-procedural imaging biomarker for liver tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization: Post-hoc analysis of a prospective clinical trial
Letzen BS, Malpani R, Miszczuk M, de Ruiter QMB, Petty CW, Rexha I, Nezami N, Laage-Gaupp F, Lin M, Schlachter TR, Chapiro J. Lipiodol as an intra-procedural imaging biomarker for liver tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization: Post-hoc analysis of a prospective clinical trial. Clinical Imaging 2021, 78: 194-200. PMID: 34022765, PMCID: PMC8364875, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.05.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsConventional trans-arterial chemoembolizationMedian overall survivalProspective clinical trialsLipiodol depositionTumor responsePredictive biomarkersClinical trialsModified Response Evaluation CriteriaPost-TACE CTResponse Evaluation CriteriaMetastatic liver cancerKaplan-Meier analysisTrans-arterial chemoembolizationTumor response criteriaLiver tumor responsePrediction of survivalSelective drug targetingArterial embolizationLiver metastasesOverall survivalBland-Altman plotsTransarterial chemoembolizationPortal veinTumor respondersHepatocellular carcinomaThermal ablation alone vs thermal ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for patients with small (<3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Chai NX, Chapiro J, Petukhova A, Gross M, Kucukkaya A, Raju R, Zeevi T, Elbanan M, Lin M, Perez-Lozada JC, Schlachter T, Strazzabosco M, Pollak JS, Madoff DC. Thermal ablation alone vs thermal ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for patients with small (<3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical Imaging 2021, 76: 123-129. PMID: 33592550, PMCID: PMC8217099, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.01.043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall survivalTransarterial chemoembolizationHepatocellular carcinomaThermal ablationTA groupEarly-stage hepatocellular carcinomaMedian overall survivalTherapy-naïve patientsKaplan-Meier analysisMaximum tumor diameterStage hepatocellular carcinomaLog-rank testDrug-eluting beadsSmall hepatocellular carcinomaTerms of TTPHIPAA-compliant IRBSignificant differencesLipiodol-TACELocoregional therapyBCLC stageComplication rateTreatment cohortsTumor diameterAFP levelsPatient groupDeep learning–assisted differentiation of pathologically proven atypical and typical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus non-HCC on contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver
Oestmann PM, Wang CJ, Savic LJ, Hamm CA, Stark S, Schobert I, Gebauer B, Schlachter T, Lin M, Weinreb JC, Batra R, Mulligan D, Zhang X, Duncan JS, Chapiro J. Deep learning–assisted differentiation of pathologically proven atypical and typical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus non-HCC on contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver. European Radiology 2021, 31: 4981-4990. PMID: 33409782, PMCID: PMC8222094, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07559-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-HCC lesionsHepatocellular carcinomaHCC lesionsAtypical imagingGrading systemLI-RADS criteriaAtypical imaging featuresPrimary liver cancerTypical hepatocellular carcinomaAtypical hepatocellular carcinomaContrast-enhanced MRISensitivity/specificityLiver transplantMethodsThis IRBRetrospective studyLiver malignanciesImaging featuresLiver cancerAtypical featuresConclusionThis studyLesionsMRIClinical applicationCarcinomaImage-based diagnosis
2020
Therapy of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Evidence and Clinical Practice
Chai N, Chapiro J. Therapy of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Evidence and Clinical Practice. Seminars In Interventional Radiology 2020, 37: 456-465. PMID: 33328701, PMCID: PMC7732559, DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719186.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinomaConventional transarterial chemoembolizationHepatocellular carcinomaLocoregional therapyBland embolizationBarcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging systemImage-guided locoregional therapiesLiver Cancer staging systemDrug-eluting beads TACEIntermediate-stage diseaseLocoregional treatment optionsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsFirst-line therapyCancer (AJCC) staging systemYttrium-90 RadioembolizationClinical evidence pointsThermal ablationNumber of lesionsCheckpoint inhibitorsDEB-TACELocoregional treatmentSelect patientsSurvival benefitTransarterial chemoembolizationClinical evidenceNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios as predictors of tumor response in hepatocellular carcinoma after DEB-TACE
Schobert IT, Savic LJ, Chapiro J, Bousabarah K, Chen E, Laage-Gaupp F, Tefera J, Nezami N, Lin M, Pollak J, Schlachter T. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios as predictors of tumor response in hepatocellular carcinoma after DEB-TACE. European Radiology 2020, 30: 5663-5673. PMID: 32424595, PMCID: PMC7483919, DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06931-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedBlood PlateletsCarcinoma, HepatocellularChemoembolization, TherapeuticFemaleHumansInflammationKaplan-Meier EstimateLiver NeoplasmsLymphocytesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeutrophilsPrognosisProgression-Free SurvivalProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeConceptsProgression-free survivalTreatment-naïve hepatocellular carcinomaShorter progression-free survivalPoor tumor responseDEB-TACELymphocyte ratioTumor responseHepatocellular carcinomaMagnetic resonance imagingTumor growthInflammatory biomarkersDrug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolizationContrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagingHigher baseline NLRHigher baseline plateletsRadiomic featuresVolumetric tumor responseLoco-regional therapyAlpha-fetoprotein levelsBead transarterial chemoembolizationKaplan-Meier analysisMethodsThis retrospective studyDifferential blood countQuantitative European AssociationNodular tumor growthFibronodular hepatocellular carcinoma—a new variant of liver cancer: clinical, pathological and radiological correlation
Tefera J, Revzin M, Chapiro J, Savic L, Mulligan D, Batra R, Taddei T, Jain D, Zhang X. Fibronodular hepatocellular carcinoma—a new variant of liver cancer: clinical, pathological and radiological correlation. Journal Of Clinical Pathology 2020, 74: 31-35. PMID: 32430483, PMCID: PMC7674234, DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206574.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdvanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stageBarcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stageScirrhous HCCMultiple rounded nodulesNon-peripheral washoutLiver Cancer stageRadiological featuresClinical featuresRadiological correlationCarcinoma variantsCancer stageHCC casesHepatocellular carcinomaLiver cancerFibrotic liverConventional HCCHCCLower ratesHigh rateRounded nodulesProgressionDistinct patternsCarcinomaSpecific variantsLesions
2019
Quantitative MRI for Assessment of Treatment Outcomes in a Rabbit VX2 Hepatic Tumor Model
Keller S, Chapiro J, Brangsch J, Reimann C, Collettini F, Sack I, Savic LJ, Hamm B, Goldberg SN, Makowski M. Quantitative MRI for Assessment of Treatment Outcomes in a Rabbit VX2 Hepatic Tumor Model. Journal Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2019, 52: 668-685. PMID: 31713973, DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26968.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingTranscatheter arterial embolizationHepatic tumor modelDiffusion-weighted imagingFunctional MRI sequencesRadiofrequency ablationTreatment outcomesHepatocellular carcinomaAnaplastic squamous cell carcinomaMRI sequencesTumor modelSecondary liver cancerSquamous cell carcinomaConventional magnetic resonance imagingHigh tumor vascularityDifferent treatment settingsCommon cancer typesFunctional magnetic resonance imagingQuantitative magnetic resonance imagingFuture MRI studiesLocoregional interventionsArterial embolizationLiver functionCell carcinomaInterventional treatment