2020
Basics of Inducible Lymphoid Organs
Ruddle NH. Basics of Inducible Lymphoid Organs. Current Topics In Microbiology And Immunology 2020, 426: 1-19. PMID: 32588229, DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_218.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTertiary lymphoid organsSecondary lymphoid organsLymphoid tissue organizerHigh endothelial venulesLymphoid organsDendritic cellsB cellsEctopic lymphoid organsFollicular dendritic cellsTertiary lymphoid structuresTertiary lymphoid tissueLymph nodesNK cellsChronic inflammationLTi cellsLymphoid structuresTolerance inductionInducer cellsLymphoid tissueEndothelial venulesAntigen presentationT cellsAccumulation of cellsStromal cellsAutoimmunityLymphotoxin targeted to salivary and lacrimal glands induces tertiary lymphoid organs and cervical lymphadenopathy and reduces tear production
Truman LA, Bentley KL, Ruddle NH. Lymphotoxin targeted to salivary and lacrimal glands induces tertiary lymphoid organs and cervical lymphadenopathy and reduces tear production. European Journal Of Immunology 2020, 50: 418-425. PMID: 32012252, DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948300.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTertiary lymphoid organsLacrimal glandCervical lymphadenopathySjögren's syndromeLymphoid organsTear productionRole of lymphotoxinTLO formationAutoantibody titresMALT lymphomaLymphoid tissueTransgenic miceLymphotoxinMiceLymphadenopathyGlandSyndromeOrgansAutoimmunityMucosalLymphomaLTαTitresSalivaryLTβ
2016
Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues
Ruddle N. Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues. 2016, 480-485. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374279-7.07012-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTertiary lymphoid organsTertiary lymphoid tissueSecondary lymphoid organsLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueConventional lymphoid organsChronic graft rejectionHigh endothelial venulesChronic microbial infectionsStromal cellular compositionAntigen primingNonlymphoid organsGraft rejectionDeterminant spreadingLymph nodesChronic inflammationEndothelial venulesClinical diseaseImmune responseInfectious organismsMicrobial infectionsCellular compositionLymphatic vesselsEctopic sitesAutoimmunity
2015
A Dendritic-Cell-Stromal Axis Maintains Immune Responses in Lymph Nodes
Kumar V, Dasoveanu DC, Chyou S, Tzeng TC, Rozo C, Liang Y, Stohl W, Fu YX, Ruddle NH, Lu TT. A Dendritic-Cell-Stromal Axis Maintains Immune Responses in Lymph Nodes. Immunity 2015, 42: 719-730. PMID: 25902483, PMCID: PMC4591553, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.03.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDendritic cellsImmune responseReticular cellsLymph nodesFunction of DCsOngoing immune responseCell survivalSecondary lymphoid tissuesBeta-receptor ligandsStromal reticular cellsPathogenic lymphocytesLymphoproliferative diseaseLymphocyte functionLymphoid tissueLymphocyte survivalCritical mediatorPodoplaninReceptor ligandsCell functionSurvivalLTβRDiseasePotential strategyCellsResponse
2012
Follicular dendritic cells, conduits, lymphatic vessels, and high endothelial venules in tertiary lymphoid organs: Parallels with lymph node stroma
Stranford S, Ruddle NH. Follicular dendritic cells, conduits, lymphatic vessels, and high endothelial venules in tertiary lymphoid organs: Parallels with lymph node stroma. Frontiers In Immunology 2012, 3: 350. PMID: 23230435, PMCID: PMC3515885, DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00350.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSecondary lymphoid organsFollicular dendritic cellsHigh endothelial venulesLymph nodesDendritic cellsChronic inflammationLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueEndothelial venulesTertiary lymphoid organsAnti-tumor responseEctopic lymphoid tissueLymph node stromaTertiary lymphoid tissueNon-lymphoid organsLymphatic vesselsAutoimmune activityGraft rejectionAutoimmune responseInflammatory signalsTransgenic miceTherapeutic interventionsReticular cellsStromal componentsVivo real time
2011
Blocking lymphotoxin signaling abrogates the development of ectopic lymphoid tissue within cardiac allografts and inhibits effector antibody responses
Motallebzadeh R, Rehakova S, Conlon TM, Win TS, Callaghan CJ, Goddard M, Bolton EM, Ruddle NH, Bradley JA, Pettigrew GJ. Blocking lymphotoxin signaling abrogates the development of ectopic lymphoid tissue within cardiac allografts and inhibits effector antibody responses. The FASEB Journal 2011, 26: 51-62. PMID: 21926237, DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-186973.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsB-LymphocytesBone MarrowCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChoristomaChronic DiseaseGraft RejectionHeart TransplantationIsoantibodiesLymphoid TissueLymphotoxin beta ReceptorLymphotoxin-betaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMyocardiumNeovascularization, PathologicRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSignal TransductionSpleenTransplantation, HomologousConceptsTertiary lymphoid organsCardiac allograftsHeart allograftsB cellsLymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) signalingEctopic lymphoid tissueGerminal center activityLTβR-IgTLO formationPostoperative administrationAccelerated rejectionHumoral autoimmunityAlloimmune responseAutoantibody productionAutoantibody responseHumoral responseLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueLymphoid organogenesisEffector antibodiesMouse modelAllograftsTransplantationAutoantibodiesCells
2009
Secondary Lymphoid Organs: Responding to Genetic and Environmental Cues in Ontogeny and the Immune Response
Ruddle NH, Akirav EM. Secondary Lymphoid Organs: Responding to Genetic and Environmental Cues in Ontogeny and the Immune Response. The Journal Of Immunology 2009, 183: 2205-2212. PMID: 19661265, PMCID: PMC2766168, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0804324.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecondary lymphoid organsLymphoid tissueLymphoid organsImmune responseLymphoid tissue organizer cellsBronchus-associated lymphoid tissueLymphoid tissue inducerTertiary lymphoid tissueSLO developmentLymphoid chemokinesIL-17Lymph nodesLymphoid folliclesPeyer's patchesIL-7Crucial cytokineMucosal tissuesOrganizer cellsCellular accumulationCytokinesTissueOrgansEnvironmental cuesCryptopatchesAdenoids
2007
Transgenic LacZ under control of Hec-6st regulatory sequences recapitulates endogenous gene expression on high endothelial venules
Liao S, Bentley K, Lebrun M, Lesslauer W, Ruddle FH, Ruddle NH. Transgenic LacZ under control of Hec-6st regulatory sequences recapitulates endogenous gene expression on high endothelial venules. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2007, 104: 4577-4582. PMID: 17360566, PMCID: PMC1838643, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0700334104.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDNA fragmentsTertiary lymphoid organsExpression of reporterEndogenous gene expressionBAC DNA fragmentsTissue-specific expressionBeta-galactosidase reporter geneHomologous recombination techniquesLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueEffector genesBAC clonesEndogenous genesRegulatory sequencesNasal-associated lymphoid tissueReporter geneGene expressionLacZ constructLTbetaR-Ig treatmentExon IIHEV-like vesselsGenesHigh endothelial venulesMolecular natureRecombination techniquesTertiary Lymphoid Tissues Generate Effector and Memory T Cells That Lead to Allograft Rejection
Nasr IW, Reel M, Oberbarnscheidt MH, Mounzer RH, Baddoura FK, Ruddle NH, Lakkis FG. Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues Generate Effector and Memory T Cells That Lead to Allograft Rejection. American Journal Of Transplantation 2007, 7: 1071-1079. PMID: 17359505, DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01756.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTertiary lymphoid tissueWild-type allograftsMemory T cellsSecondary lymphoid organsLymphoid tissueT cellsLymphoid organsRejection processPrimary alloimmune responsesSyngeneic graft recipientsMemory immune responsesNaïve T cell activationTertiary lymphoid structuresNaive T cellsT cell activationMurine transplantation modelChronic rejectionAllograft rejectionGraft recipientsAlloimmune responseLymphoid structuresChronic inflammationSkin allograftsNaïve lymphocytesTransplantation model
2006
Lymphoid organ development: from ontogeny to neogenesis
Drayton DL, Liao S, Mounzer RH, Ruddle NH. Lymphoid organ development: from ontogeny to neogenesis. Nature Immunology 2006, 7: 344-353. PMID: 16550197, DOI: 10.1038/ni1330.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBronchial-associated lymphoid tissueTertiary lymphoid organsSecondary lymphoid organsLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueNasal-associated lymphoid tissueSpecific developmentalCellular accumulationLymphoid neogenesisLymph nodesChronic inflammationPeyer's patchesAnatomic locationOntogenyEnvironmental influencesOrgansTissue
2005
Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation Specifies the Organ Tropism of Prions
Heikenwalder M, Zeller N, Seeger H, Prinz M, Klöhn P, Schwarz P, Ruddle NH, Weissmann C, Aguzzi A. Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation Specifies the Organ Tropism of Prions. Science 2005, 307: 1107-1110. PMID: 15661974, DOI: 10.1126/science.1106460.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInflammatory conditionsNormal cellular prion protein PrPCCellular prion protein PrPCChronic lymphocytic inflammationIatrogenic prion transmissionChronic inflammatory conditionsPrion protein PrPCFDC-M1Lymphocytic inflammationEctopic inductionProinflammatory cytokinesInflamed organsImmune cellsInflammatory diseasesInflammatory fociLymphoid tissuePrion accumulationPrion inoculationOrgan tropismPrion pathogenesisPrion replicationTissue distributionPrion transmissionPrionsMiceLymphotoxin Plays a Crucial Role in the Development and Function of Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue through Regulation of Chemokines and Peripheral Node Addressin
Ying X, Chan K, Shenoy P, Hill M, Ruddle NH. Lymphotoxin Plays a Crucial Role in the Development and Function of Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue through Regulation of Chemokines and Peripheral Node Addressin. American Journal Of Pathology 2005, 166: 135-146. PMID: 15632007, PMCID: PMC1602284, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62239-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh endothelial venulesLymphoid chemokinesIntranasal immunizationNasal-Associated Lymphoid TissueB cell compartmentalizationB cell zonesCervical lymph nodesSerum IgG titersLower cytokine levelsExpression of lymphotoxinImmediate postnatal periodRole of cytokinesRegulation of chemokinesWild-type miceGlyCAM-1Peripheral node addressinLymphoid tissue developmentNALT developmentSplenic cytokinesVaginal IgACytokine levelsLymph nodesIgG titersVascular addressinsLymphoid tissue
2004
IκB Kinase Complex α Kinase Activity Controls Chemokine and High Endothelial Venule Gene Expression in Lymph Nodes and Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Drayton DL, Bonizzi G, Ying X, Liao S, Karin M, Ruddle NH. IκB Kinase Complex α Kinase Activity Controls Chemokine and High Endothelial Venule Gene Expression in Lymph Nodes and Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue. The Journal Of Immunology 2004, 173: 6161-6168. PMID: 15528353, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.10.6161.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell DifferentiationChemokinesEndothelium, LymphaticEnzyme ActivationGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalI-kappa B KinaseLigandsLymph NodesLymphoid TissueLymphotoxin beta ReceptorMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMice, Mutant StrainsNasal MucosaProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProtein SubunitsReceptors, Tumor Necrosis FactorConceptsHigh endothelial venulesSecondary lymphoid organogenesisLymph nodesAlternative NF-kappaB pathwayPeripheral node addressinNF-kappaB pathwayLymphoid tissueLymphoid organogenesisNasal-Associated Lymphoid TissueCell adhesion molecule-1Lymphoid chemokines CCL19Adhesion molecule-1GlyCAM-1Lymphotoxin beta receptorPathway activityNALT developmentChemokines CCL19Endothelial venulesBeta receptorsMolecule-1Mutant miceTarget genesCritical roleGene expressionReduced expression
2003
Helicobacter-Induced Chronic Active Lymphoid Aggregates Have Characteristics of Tertiary Lymphoid Tissue
Shomer NH, Fox JG, Juedes AE, Ruddle NH. Helicobacter-Induced Chronic Active Lymphoid Aggregates Have Characteristics of Tertiary Lymphoid Tissue. Infection And Immunity 2003, 71: 3572-3577. PMID: 12761142, PMCID: PMC155770, DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.6.3572-3577.2003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntigen PresentationAntigens, SurfaceAutoimmunityCell Adhesion MoleculesCell AggregationChemokine CCL21Chemokine CXCL13Chemokines, CCChemokines, CXCHelicobacter InfectionsHepatitis, ChronicImmunoglobulinsLiverLymphoid TissueMembrane ProteinsMiceMucoproteinsVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1ConceptsChronic active hepatitisTertiary lymphoid organsLymphoid organsActive hepatitisInflammatory lesionsHepatic inflammatory lesionsMucosal addressin cell adhesion moleculeTertiary lymphoid tissuePeripheral node addressinLiver cell suspensionsLiver tissue sectionsB220-positive B cellsChemokines SLCHepatic inflammationInflammatory infiltrateChronic autoimmunityLymphoid aggregatesLymphoid tissueFluorescence-activated cell sortingT cellsCell adhesion moleculeB cellsStromal cellsSmall venulesAdhesion molecules
2001
Induction of oral tolerance to cellular immune responses in the absence of Peyer's patches
Spahn T, Fontana A, Faria A, Slavin A, Eugster H, Zhang X, Koni P, Ruddle N, Flavell R, Rennert P, Weiner H. Induction of oral tolerance to cellular immune responses in the absence of Peyer's patches. European Journal Of Immunology 2001, 31: 1278-1287. PMID: 11298355, DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1278::aid-immu1278>3.0.co;2-a.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministration, OralAnimalsAntibodiesDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFecesGene DeletionHypersensitivity, DelayedImmune ToleranceImmunity, MucosalImmunoglobulin AInterferon-gammaInterleukin-2Lymph NodesLymphotoxin-alphaMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutOvalbuminPeyer's PatchesSignal TransductionTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaConceptsGut-associated lymphoid tissueMesenteric lymph nodesOral toleranceLow-dose oral toleranceDelayed-type hypersensitivity responseFecal IgA productionLTbeta-/- miceOral tolerance inductionLamina propria lymphocytesIntact immune systemCellular immune responsesPeripheral lymphoid organsIFN-gamma productionTumor necrosis factor familyProcessing of antigensNecrosis factor familySystemic hyporesponsivenessLymph nodesHypersensitivity responseTolerance inductionIgA productionIntraperitoneal administrationLymphoid organsLymphoid tissuePeyer's patches
2000
Lymphoid Tissue Homing Chemokines Are Expressed in Chronic Inflammation
Hjelmström P, Fjell J, Nakagawa T, Sacca R, Cuff C, Ruddle N. Lymphoid Tissue Homing Chemokines Are Expressed in Chronic Inflammation. American Journal Of Pathology 2000, 156: 1133-1138. PMID: 10751336, PMCID: PMC1876894, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64981-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntigens, CDChemokine CCL21Chemokine CXCL13Chemokines, CCChemokines, CXCChronic DiseaseFemaleInflammationLymphotoxin-alphaLymphotoxin-betaMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, Inbred NODMice, TransgenicPancreasPancreatitisProtein IsoformsReceptors, Tumor Necrosis FactorReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type IRNA, MessengerConceptsSecondary lymphoid tissue chemokineB lymphocyte chemoattractantExpression of SLCChronic inflammationLymphoid organsPrediabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) micePrediabetic NOD miceLymphoid tissue chemokineNonobese diabetic (NOD) miceChronic inflammatory diseaseSecondary lymphoid organsTrafficking of lymphocytesTumor necrosis factor receptor 1Necrosis factor receptor 1Factor receptor 1Homing ChemokinesLymphocyte chemoattractantLymphoid neogenesisNOD miceDendritic cellsDiabetic miceInflammatory diseasesInflammatory processLymphoid tissueInflamed tissuesLymphotoxin in inflammation and lymphoid organ development: Variations on a theme
Ruddle N. Lymphotoxin in inflammation and lymphoid organ development: Variations on a theme. Progress In Inflammation Research 2000, 83-88. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-8468-6_8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAutoimmune diseasesLymphoid organsLymphoid organ developmentT cellsTarget organsAntigen-specific T cellsAdditional T cellsLocal lymphoid organsTertiary lymphoid organsConsequence of inflammationLymphoid neogenesisClinical relapseAutoimmune inflammationLocal target organLymphoid tissueInflammatory reactionB cellsInflammationTransgenic miceTissue damageDiseaseTNF familyOrgansUnrelated moleculesOrgan development
1999
Lymphoid neoorganogenesis
Ruddle N. Lymphoid neoorganogenesis. Immunologic Research 1999, 19: 119-125. PMID: 10493167, DOI: 10.1007/bf02786481.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVascular cell adhesion moleculeE-selectin adhesion moleculesIntercellular adhesion moleculePeripheral node addressinAdhesion moleculesKnockout miceTertiary lymphoid organsCellular adhesion moleculesNecrosis factor familyLymphoid organ developmentEndothelial cell lineAutoimmune diseasesChronic inflammationLymphoid organsLymphoid tissueCell adhesion moleculeLymphotoxinInflammationMultiple receptorsMicrobial infectionsCell linesMiceOrgan developmentFactor familyAddressin