RAF1 amplification drives a subset of bladder tumors and confers sensitivity to MAPK-directed therapeutics
Bekele RT, Samant AS, Nassar AH, So J, Garcia EP, Curran CR, Hwang JH, Mayhew DL, Nag A, Thorner AR, Börcsök J, Sztupinszki Z, Pan CX, Bellmunt J, Kwiatkowski DJ, Sonpavde GP, Van Allen EM, Mouw KW. RAF1 amplification drives a subset of bladder tumors and confers sensitivity to MAPK-directed therapeutics. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2021, 131 PMID: 34554931, PMCID: PMC8592548, DOI: 10.1172/jci147849.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleGene AmplificationGTP PhosphohydrolasesHumansMembrane ProteinsMiceMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Urinary Bladder NeoplasmsConceptsBladder tumorsUrothelial tumorsTherapeutic strategiesNovel therapeutic strategiesRational therapeutic strategiesPatient-derived modelsRaf/MEK/ERKClinical outcomesMEK/ERKTreatment optionsBladder cancerHeterogeneous diseaseMEK inhibitionTumorsUnique subsetFocal amplificationRAF inhibitorsCell linesRAF1Gene expression patternsActivationExpression patternsSignalingSubsetRaf1 activity