2023
Do Polygenic Risk Scores Add to Clinical Data in Predicting Pancreatic Cancer? A Scoping Review.
Wang L, Grimshaw A, Mezzacappa C, Rahimi Larki N, Yang Y, Justice A. Do Polygenic Risk Scores Add to Clinical Data in Predicting Pancreatic Cancer? A Scoping Review. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2023, 32: 1490-1497. PMID: 37610426, PMCID: PMC10873036, DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0468.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRoutine risk factorsPancreatic cancerRisk factorsPolygenic risk scoresClinical dataRisk scoreAddition of PRSClinical risk factorsRoutine clinical dataCancer risk predictionDatabase inceptionCancerClinical applicabilityRelevant exposuresGenetic riskRisk predictionCancer-specific polygenic risk scoresScoping ReviewRiskEuropean ancestryPopulation representativeScoresMost studiesAppropriate controlsFactorsAssociation of HIV Infection and Incident Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Among 143 001 Veterans
Filipkowski A, Kundu S, Eden S, Alcorn C, Justice A, So-Armah K, Tindle H, Wells Q, Beckman J, Freiberg M, Aday A. Association of HIV Infection and Incident Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Among 143 001 Veterans. Circulation 2023, 148: 135-143. PMID: 37226738, PMCID: PMC10443901, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.063040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncident abdominal aortic aneurysmT-cell countsHIV viral loadAbdominal aortic aneurysmRisk of AAAHIV infectionViral loadAortic aneurysmElevated HIV viral loadCardiovascular disease risk factorsVeterans Aging Cohort StudyCox proportional hazards modelCurrent Procedural Terminology codesAging Cohort StudyDisease risk factorsProportional hazards modelProcedural Terminology codesPrevious cross-sectional dataAAA eventsLow CD4Cohort studyHIV statusRisk factorsLongitudinal cohortCardiovascular disease
2022
Circulating T Cells and Cardiovascular Risk in People With and Without HIV Infection
Kundu S, Freiberg MS, Tracy RP, So-Armah KA, Koethe JR, Duncan MS, Tindle HA, Beckman JA, Feinstein MJ, McDonnell WJ, Justice A, Doyle MF, Study V. Circulating T Cells and Cardiovascular Risk in People With and Without HIV Infection. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2022, 80: 1633-1644. PMID: 36265959, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.08.756.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cell subsetsT helper type 17 (Th17) cellsCVD risk factorsIncident CVD eventsType 17 cellsIncident CVDCell subsetsHIV infectionCVD eventsRisk factorsInternational ClassificationT effector memory cellsRe-expressing CD45RAEffector memory cellsSubset of CD4Cardiovascular disease riskProportional hazards regressionT helper cellsMedian participant ageLow CD4Cardiovascular riskObservational cohortPrevalent CVDCVD incidenceRevision diagnosisPotentially inappropriate medication use by level of polypharmacy among US Veterans 49–64 and 65–70 years old
Guillot J, Rentsch CT, Gordon KS, Justice AC, Bezin J. Potentially inappropriate medication use by level of polypharmacy among US Veterans 49–64 and 65–70 years old. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2022, 31: 1056-1074. PMID: 35780391, PMCID: PMC9464694, DOI: 10.1002/pds.5506.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLevel of polypharmacyRace/ethnicityPIM prevalencePrevalence of PIMsInappropriate medication useElectronic health recordsCommon PIMsPharmacy fillsPROMPT criteriaInappropriate medicationsOlder patientsMedication usePsychotropic medicationsRefill recordsPolypharmacyPatientsVeterans AffairsMedicationsPrevalenceHealth recordsFiscal year 2016AgeMeaningful differencesSexTarget ageValidation of a multi-ancestry polygenic risk score and age-specific risks of prostate cancer: A meta-analysis within diverse populations
Chen F, Darst BF, Madduri RK, Rodriguez AA, Sheng X, Rentsch CT, Andrews C, Tang W, Kibel AS, Plym A, Cho K, Jalloh M, Gueye SM, Niang L, Ogunbiyi OJ, Popoola O, Adebiyi AO, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach OI, Ajibola HO, Jamda MA, Oluwole OP, Nwegbu M, Adusei B, Mante S, Darkwa-Abrahams A, Mensah JE, Adjei AA, Diop H, Lachance J, Rebbeck TR, Ambs S, Gaziano JM, Justice AC, Conti DV, Haiman CA. Validation of a multi-ancestry polygenic risk score and age-specific risks of prostate cancer: A meta-analysis within diverse populations. ELife 2022, 11: e78304. PMID: 35801699, PMCID: PMC9322982, DOI: 10.7554/elife.78304.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProstate cancer riskPolygenic risk scoresProstate cancerCancer riskOdds ratioMillion Veteran ProgramRisk scoreRisk stratification toolAge-specific absolute risksAfrican ancestry menCancer odds ratiosVeterans Health AdministrationCase-control studyNonaggressive prostate cancerProstate Cancer FoundationAge-specific riskAssociation of PRSPRS categoriesRisk-stratified screeningVeteran ProgramNational Cancer InstituteEuropean ancestry menStratification toolAbsolute riskEffect modificationDelayed presentation of HIV among older individuals: a growing problem
Justice AC, Goetz MB, Stewart CN, Hogan BC, Humes E, Luz PM, Castilho JL, Nash D, Brazier E, Musick B, Yiannoutsos C, Malateste K, Jaquet A, Cornell M, Shamu T, Rajasuriar R, Jiamsakul A, Althoff KN. Delayed presentation of HIV among older individuals: a growing problem. The Lancet HIV 2022, 9: e269-e280. PMID: 35218732, PMCID: PMC9128643, DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(22)00003-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLate presentationOlder individualsInternational epidemiology DatabasesAssociation of agePresentation of HIVElectronic medical recordsProportion of peopleEpidemiology DatabaseHIV infectionAIDS (IeDEA) consortiumMedical recordsEffective treatmentAge groupsOlder agePresentationAgeIndividualsHIVInfectionCarePreventionA Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Suicide Among Persons Living with HIV (1996–2020)
Smith A, Breazeale S, Goulet JL, Vlahov D, Justice AC, Womack JA. A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Suicide Among Persons Living with HIV (1996–2020). AIDS And Behavior 2022, 26: 2559-2573. PMID: 35107660, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03591-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk factorsHIV-specific risk factorsInjection drug useHIV-1 RNACause of morbidityShare risk factorsPrevious suicide attemptsQuantitative study designHIV diagnosisPeer-reviewed journalsHIV infectionEligible studiesInclusion criteriaPsychiatric illnessElevated riskGeneral populationAlcohol misuseElectronic databasesDrug useSystematic reviewSuicide attemptsStudy designInitial searchSearch termsHIVGeographic and temporal variation in racial and ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 positivity between February 2020 and August 2021 in the United States
Ferguson JM, Justice AC, Osborne TF, Magid HSA, Purnell AL, Rentsch CT. Geographic and temporal variation in racial and ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 positivity between February 2020 and August 2021 in the United States. Scientific Reports 2022, 12: 273. PMID: 34997001, PMCID: PMC8741774, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03967-5.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
The shifting age distribution of people with HIV using antiretroviral therapy in the United States
Althoff KN, Stewart CN, Humes E, Zhang J, Gerace L, Boyd CM, Wong C, Justice AC, Gebo KA, Thorne JE, Rubtsova AA, Horberg MA, Silverberg MJ, Leng SX, Rebeiro PF, Moore RD, Buchacz K, Kasaie P. The shifting age distribution of people with HIV using antiretroviral therapy in the United States. AIDS 2021, 36: 459-471. PMID: 34750289, PMCID: PMC8795488, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003128.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge DistributionAgedCohort StudiesEpidemicsHIV InfectionsHumansMiddle AgedRisk FactorsUnited StatesConceptsAntiretroviral therapyRace/ethnicityNorth American AIDS Cohort CollaborationHIV acquisition riskHIV Epidemic goalsOverall median ageSubgroups of sexRelative reductionAge distributionCohort CollaborationHIV diagnosisMedian ageRisk groupsUS CentersAcquisition riskHIVUS populationDisease controlSurveillance reportsBrief Report: Are Serious Falls Associated With Subsequent Fragility Fractures Among Veterans Living With HIV?
Womack JA, Murphy TE, Ramsey C, Bathulapalli H, Leo-Summers L, Smith AC, Bates J, Jarad S, Gill TM, Hsieh E, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Tien PC, Yin MT, Brandt C, Justice AC. Brief Report: Are Serious Falls Associated With Subsequent Fragility Fractures Among Veterans Living With HIV? JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2021, 88: 192-196. PMID: 34506360, PMCID: PMC8513792, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002752.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubsequent fragility fracturesFragility fracturesAntiretroviral therapySerious fallsRisk factorsVeterans Aging Cohort StudyAging Cohort StudyMultivariable logistic regressionUpper arm fracturesMiddle-aged populationYears of ageAlcohol use disorderCohort studyHip fractureVertebral fracturesArm fracturesInjury codesICD9 codesGeneral populationUse disordersLogistic regressionIntegrase inhibitorsOlder adultsRadiology reportsHIVProstate Cancer Screening and Incidence among Aging Persons Living with HIV
Leapman MS, Stone K, Wadia R, Park LS, Gibert CL, Goetz MB, Bedimo R, Rodriguez-Barradas M, Shebl F, Justice AC, Brown ST, Crothers K, Sigel KM. Prostate Cancer Screening and Incidence among Aging Persons Living with HIV. Journal Of Urology 2021, 207: 324-332. PMID: 34555924, PMCID: PMC8741750, DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000002249.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPSA testingHIV statusProstate cancerProstate biopsyCancer incidenceHuman immunodeficiency virus statusProstate-specific antigen (PSA) testingVeterans Aging Cohort StudyProspective national cohortMultivariable Poisson modelsAging Cohort StudySpecific antigen testingHuman immunodeficiency virusProstate cancer screeningUninfected comparatorsCohort studyIncident cancerAntigen testingImmunodeficiency virusMean ageCancer screeningNational cohortCancer stageVirus statusMultivariable modelHIV Infection and the Risk of World Health Organization–Defined Sudden Cardiac Death
Freiberg MS, Duncan MS, Alcorn C, Chang C, Kundu S, Mumpuni A, Smith EK, Loch S, Bedigian A, Vittinghoff E, So‐Armah K, Hsue PY, Justice AC, Tseng ZH. HIV Infection and the Risk of World Health Organization–Defined Sudden Cardiac Death. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2021, 10: e021268. PMID: 34493058, PMCID: PMC8649505, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021268.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV viral loadCD4 cell countFirst clinical visitHIV infectionViral loadSCD riskCell countWorld Health OrganizationCopies/Elevated HIV viral loadLow CD4 cell countsSudden cardiac death rateVeterans Aging Cohort StudyCox proportional hazards regressionHealth OrganizationConclusions HIV infectionSCD risk factorsCardiac death rateAging Cohort StudyProportional hazards regressionSudden cardiac deathCells/Mean baseline ageRace/ethnicityCohort studyProtease inhibitor-based direct-acting antivirals are associated with increased risk of aminotransferase elevations but not hepatic dysfunction or decompensation
Torgersen J, Newcomb CW, Carbonari DM, Rentsch CT, Park LS, Mezochow A, Mehta RL, Buchwalder L, Tate JP, Bräu N, Bhattacharya D, Lim JK, Taddei TH, Justice AC, Lo Re V. Protease inhibitor-based direct-acting antivirals are associated with increased risk of aminotransferase elevations but not hepatic dysfunction or decompensation. Journal Of Hepatology 2021, 75: 1312-1322. PMID: 34333102, PMCID: PMC8604762, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere hepatic dysfunctionBaseline FIB-4Acute liver injuryHepatic dysfunctionInhibitor-based treatmentHepatic decompensationFIB-4Liver injuryHigh riskDAA therapyHazard ratioAdvanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosisRisk of ALIProtease inhibitor-based regimensProtease inhibitor-based treatmentLiver fibrosis/cirrhosisInhibitor-based regimensHepatitis C infectionSevere liver dysfunctionFibrosis/cirrhosisInhibitor-based therapyAminotransferase elevationChronic HCVALT elevationC infectionMortality Among Persons Entering HIV Care Compared With the General U.S. Population : An Observational Study.
Edwards JK, Cole SR, Breger TL, Rudolph JE, Filiatreau LM, Buchacz K, Humes E, Rebeiro PF, D'Souza G, Gill MJ, Silverberg MJ, Mathews WC, Horberg MA, Thorne J, Hall HI, Justice A, Marconi VC, Lima VD, Bosch RJ, Sterling TR, Althoff KN, Moore RD, Saag M, Eron JJ. Mortality Among Persons Entering HIV Care Compared With the General U.S. Population : An Observational Study. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2021, 174: 1197-1206. PMID: 34224262, PMCID: PMC8453103, DOI: 10.7326/m21-0065.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGeneral U.S. populationHIV careU.S. populationNorth American AIDS Cohort CollaborationHIV clinical careObservational cohort studyTreatment of adultsRace/ethnicityCohort CollaborationCause mortalityCohort studyHIV infectionModifiable factorsComparable personsObservational studyClinical careHigh riskGeneral populationSociodemographic factorsHealth StatisticsMortalityHIVKaplan-Meier estimatorCareFive yearsAssociation of Syndemic Unhealthy Alcohol Use, Smoking, and Depressive Symptoms on Incident Cardiovascular Disease among Veterans With and Without HIV-Infection
Chichetto NE, Kundu S, Freiberg MS, Koethe JR, Butt AA, Crystal S, So-Armah KA, Cook RL, Braithwaite RS, Justice AC, Fiellin DA, Khan M, Bryant KJ, Gaither JR, Barve SS, Crothers K, Bedimo RJ, Warner A, Tindle HA. Association of Syndemic Unhealthy Alcohol Use, Smoking, and Depressive Symptoms on Incident Cardiovascular Disease among Veterans With and Without HIV-Infection. AIDS And Behavior 2021, 25: 2852-2862. PMID: 34101074, PMCID: PMC8376776, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03327-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncident cardiovascular diseaseUnhealthy alcohol useCardiovascular diseaseDepressive symptomsCVD riskHIV statusAlcohol useMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionCases of CVDCox proportional hazards regressionCVD-free participantsHIV-negative veteransProportional hazards regressionHIV-negativeHIV infectionHazards regressionSyndemic conditionsExcess riskRisk factorsDiagnostic codesHigh prevalenceObservational studyBaseline numberGreater riskSmokingAssociation between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies
Davis K, Perez-Guzman P, Hoyer A, Brinks R, Gregg E, Althoff KN, Justice AC, Reiss P, Gregson S, Smit M. Association between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. BMC Medicine 2021, 19: 105. PMID: 33980222, PMCID: PMC8117497, DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01978-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesGlobal HealthHIV InfectionsHumansHypertensionMiddle AgedRisk FactorsConceptsHIV-negative individualsCross-sectional studyHIV statusHypertension riskPrevalent hypertensionRisk ratioObservational studyGlobal systematic reviewSystematic reviewEffective antiretroviral therapyHIV-negative controlsNon-communicable diseasesStudy-level factorsDifferent risk factorsRandom-effects modelHypertension differsAntiretroviral therapyHypertension preventionHIV infectionCochrane CENTRALRisk factorsHypertensionPLHIVMAIN OUTCOMEHigh risk
2020
Development and validation of a 30-day mortality index based on pre-existing medical administrative data from 13,323 COVID-19 patients: The Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (VACO) Index
King JT, Yoon JS, Rentsch CT, Tate JP, Park LS, Kidwai-Khan F, Skanderson M, Hauser RG, Jacobson DA, Erdos J, Cho K, Ramoni R, Gagnon DR, Justice AC. Development and validation of a 30-day mortality index based on pre-existing medical administrative data from 13,323 COVID-19 patients: The Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (VACO) Index. PLOS ONE 2020, 15: e0241825. PMID: 33175863, PMCID: PMC7657526, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241825.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCharlson Comorbidity IndexVeterans Health AdministrationVACO IndexValidation cohortMedical administrative dataDevelopment cohortSARS-CoV-2 testing resultsMortality indexICD-10 diagnosis codesUS Veterans Health AdministrationSARS-CoV-2 infectionPre-existing medical conditionsCOVID-19 mortality riskPeripheral vascular diseaseCOVID-19 patientsCOVID-19 infectionCOVID-19 mortalitySARS-CoV-2Administrative dataLogistic regression modelsRace/ethnicityCohort subgroupsComorbidity indexOverall mortalityComorbid conditionsEstimating Aspirin Overuse for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (from a Nationwide Healthcare System)
Ong SY, Chui P, Bhargava A, Justice A, Hauser RG. Estimating Aspirin Overuse for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (from a Nationwide Healthcare System). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2020, 137: 25-30. PMID: 32991852, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.09.042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-dose aspirinElectronic health recordsSelf-reported useEHR dataPatients' self-reported useLow-dose aspirin useAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseAmerican Heart AssociationEHR recordsNon-specific terminologyAspirin usePrimary preventionHeart AssociationCardiovascular diseaseAmerican CollegeAspirinPatientsHealth recordsEHR implementationEHR searchesImplementable guidelinesGuidelinesRecordsDiseaseCardiologyValidating a non-invasive, ALT-based non-alcoholic fatty liver phenotype in the million veteran program
Serper M, Vujkovic M, Kaplan DE, Carr RM, Lee KM, Shao Q, Miller DR, Reaven PD, Phillips LS, O’Donnell C, Meigs JB, Wilson PWF, Vickers-Smith R, Kranzler HR, Justice AC, Gaziano JM, Muralidhar S, Pyarajan S, DuVall SL, Assimes TL, Lee JS, Tsao PS, Rader DJ, Damrauer SM, Lynch JA, Saleheen D, Voight BF, Chang KM, . Validating a non-invasive, ALT-based non-alcoholic fatty liver phenotype in the million veteran program. PLOS ONE 2020, 15: e0237430. PMID: 32841307, PMCID: PMC7447043, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237430.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords17-Hydroxysteroid DehydrogenasesAbdomenAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingAgedAlanine TransaminaseElectronic Health RecordsFemaleGenetic LociGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationHumansLipaseLiverLysophospholipaseMaleMembrane ProteinsMiddle AgedNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasePhenotypeRisk FactorsVeteransConceptsMetabolic risk factorsNAFLD phenotypeAlanine aminotransferaseUnits/LElectronic health recordsAdvanced fibrosisRisk factorsMillion Veteran ProgramAlcohol consumptionNon-invasive criteriaNormal alanine aminotransferaseNAFLD fibrosis scorePopulation-based studyGenetic variantsFatty liver phenotypeVeteran ProgramPNPLA3 locusNAFLD riskLiver biopsyLiver diseaseFibrosis scoreEHR reviewUS veteransBiopsy dataAbdominal imagingSafety of Gabapentin Prescribed for Any Indication in a Large Clinical Cohort of 571,718 US Veterans with and without Alcohol Use Disorder
Rentsch CT, Morford KL, Fiellin DA, Bryant KJ, Justice AC, Tate JP. Safety of Gabapentin Prescribed for Any Indication in a Large Clinical Cohort of 571,718 US Veterans with and without Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2020, 44: 1807-1815. PMID: 32628784, PMCID: PMC7540277, DOI: 10.1111/acer.14408.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol use disorderMental statusRelative riskGabapentin exposureUse disordersICD-9 diagnostic codesAdverse neurologic effectsPotential medication interactionsAltered mental statusIncidence of fallsClear dose-response relationshipLarge clinical cohortDose-response relationshipRace/ethnicityUnexposed patientsHepatitis CAdverse eventsMedication interactionsExcess riskNeurologic effectsUS veteransDiagnostic codesIncidence rateClinical cohortHigh risk