2004
Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease
Hung HC, Joshipura KJ, Jiang R, Hu FB, Hunter D, Smith-Warner SA, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Spiegelman D, Willett WC. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2004, 96: 1577-1584. PMID: 15523086, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djh296.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAnalysis of VarianceCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathChronic DiseaseConfidence IntervalsConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicDiet SurveysFeeding BehaviorFemaleFollow-Up StudiesFruitHealth PersonnelHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesResearch DesignRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesVegetablesConceptsMajor chronic diseasesVegetable intakeCardiovascular diseaseChronic diseasesRelative riskHealth StudyVegetable consumptionGreen leafy vegetable intakeSemiquantitative food frequency questionnaireCox proportional hazards analysisOverall cancer incidenceTotal fruitNurses' Health StudyFood frequency questionnaireProportional hazards analysisStrong inverse associationProspective cohortGreen leafy vegetablesHighest quintileInverse associationCancer incidenceFood groupsHealth professionalsOverall healthDietary informationDiet and risk of ischemic heart disease in India
Rastogi T, Reddy KS, Vaz M, Spiegelman D, Prabhakaran D, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A. Diet and risk of ischemic heart disease in India. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 2004, 79: 582-592. PMID: 15051601, DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/79.4.582.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic heart diseaseServings/wkIHD riskLower riskHeart diseaseInverse associationHospital-based case-control studyDose-dependent inverse associationLong-term dietary intakeFood frequency questionnaireAcute myocardial infarctionCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionPredictors of riskLower relative riskAlpha-linolenic acidBasis of ageMustard oilGreen leafy vegetablesMyocardial infarctionVegetable intakeLeading causeDietary intakeCereal intakeRelative risk
2001
The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease.
Joshipura K, Hu F, Manson J, Stampfer M, Rimm E, Speizer F, Colditz G, Ascherio A, Rosner B, Spiegelman D, Willett W. The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2001, 134: 1106-14. PMID: 11412050, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-134-12-200106190-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary heart diseaseHeart diseaseVegetable intakeGreen leafy vegetablesProtective effectHealth StudyVegetable consumptionFatal coronary heart diseaseStandard cardiovascular risk factorsVitamin CCardiovascular risk factorsNonfatal myocardial infarctionNurses' Health StudyProspective cohort studyFood frequency questionnaireIntake of fruitsRich fruitsMain outcome measuresApparent protective effectAssociation of fruitYears of ageConsumption of fruitsEffect of fruitConstituents of fruitsMen 40Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies
Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, Folsom AR, Fraser GE, Freudenheim JL, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Miller AB, Potter JD, Rohan TE, Speizer FE, Toniolo P, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Hunter DJ. Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies. JAMA 2001, 285: 769-776. PMID: 11176915, DOI: 10.1001/jama.285.6.769.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer casesBreast cancerRelative riskCancer casesVegetable consumptionSpecific fruitsIncident invasive breast cancer casesIncident breast cancer casesStudy-specific relative risksInvasive breast cancer casesTotal fruitIntake of fruitsUsual dietary intakeBreast cancer riskCase-control studyDiet assessment methodsRandom-effects modelCohort studyTotal vegetablesExposure definitionGroup intakesProspective studyGreen leafy vegetablesPooled analysisDietary intake
1999
Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Relation to Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Joshipura KJ, Ascherio A, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Spiegelman D, Willett WC. Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Relation to Risk of Ischemic Stroke. JAMA 1999, 282: 1233-1239. PMID: 10517425, DOI: 10.1001/jama.282.13.1233.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic strokeIschemic stroke riskVegetable intakeRelative riskStroke riskGreen leafy vegetablesCardiovascular diseaseHealth StudyLower ischemic stroke riskStandard cardiovascular risk factorsCardiovascular risk factorsNurses' Health StudyProspective cohort studyApparent protective effectDay of fruitsConsumption of fruitsCohort studyHighest quintileLowest quintileRisk factorsTotal strokeProtective effectMAIN OUTCOMELower riskHealth professionalsFruit and Vegetable Intake and Incidence of Bladder Cancer in a Male Prospective Cohort
Michaud D, Spiegelman D, Clinton S, Rimm E, Willett W, Giovannucci E. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Incidence of Bladder Cancer in a Male Prospective Cohort. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 1999, 91: 605-613. PMID: 10203279, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/91.7.605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBladder cancer riskVegetable intakeCancer riskBladder cancerCruciferous vegetablesIndividual cruciferous vegetablesHealth Professionals FollowTotal fruitProspective cohort studyCruciferous vegetable consumptionFood frequency questionnaireCurrent smoking statusIncident bladder cancerPrevious epidemiologic studiesTotal fluid intakeLogistic regression analysisCarotenoid-rich vegetablesProfessionals FollowCohort studyProspective cohortSmoking statusCigarette smokingGreen leafy vegetablesInverse associationFluid intake