2024
High burden of viruses and bacterial pathobionts drives heightened nasal innate immunity in children
Watkins T, Green A, Amat J, Cheemarla N, Hänsel K, Lozano R, Dudgeon S, Germain G, Landry M, Schulz W, Foxman E. High burden of viruses and bacterial pathobionts drives heightened nasal innate immunity in children. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2024, 221: e20230911. PMID: 38949638, PMCID: PMC11215523, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230911.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCoinfectionCOVID-19CytokinesFemaleHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunity, InnateInfantMaleNasal MucosaNasopharynxNoseSARS-CoV-2Viral LoadConceptsBacterial pathobiontsRespiratory virusesBurden of virusesSARS-CoV-2Innate immune activationSARS-CoV-2 viral loadDynamic host-pathogen interactionsInnate immune responseViral coinfectionCytokine profileViral loadNasal virusImmune activationProinflammatory responseIL-1BNasopharyngeal samplesHost-pathogen interactionsImmune responseInterferon responsePathobiontsInnate immunityPaired samplesCXCL10Healthy 1-year-oldVirus
2021
Dynamic innate immune response determines susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early replication kinetics
Cheemarla NR, Watkins TA, Mihaylova VT, Wang B, Zhao D, Wang G, Landry ML, Foxman EF. Dynamic innate immune response determines susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early replication kinetics. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2021, 218: e20210583. PMID: 34128960, PMCID: PMC8210587, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210583.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Case-Control StudiesChemokine CXCL10COVID-19Disease SusceptibilityFemaleGene Expression ProfilingHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunity, InnateInterferonsMaleMiddle AgedNasopharynxPicornaviridae InfectionsSARS-CoV-2Viral LoadVirus ReplicationConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 exposureSARS-CoV-2Interferon-stimulated genesUpper respiratory tractRespiratory tractEarly SARS-CoV-2 infectionDynamic innate immune responseViral replicationSARS-CoV-2 replicationPatient nasopharyngeal samplesInnate immune responseLow infectious doseViral loadNasopharyngeal samplesImmune responseInfectious doseISG responseAntiviral responseInfection progressionViral transmissionLevel correlatesInfectionISG inductionInitial replication
2020
An in vivo atlas of host–pathogen transcriptomes during Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization and disease
D’Mello A, Riegler AN, Martínez E, Beno SM, Ricketts TD, Foxman EF, Orihuela CJ, Tettelin H. An in vivo atlas of host–pathogen transcriptomes during Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization and disease. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 117: 33507-33518. PMID: 33318198, PMCID: PMC7777036, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010428117.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStreptococcus pneumoniae colonizationHost gene expression profilesHost defense pathwaysOrgan damagePneumoniae colonizationProinflammatory responseInvasive diseaseAnatomical sitesTherapeutic targetInterferon responseDisease statesDiseaseGene expression profilesLungOrgan-specific mannerVivoPneumoniaPathogenesisKidneyBloodResponse
2011
Genome–virome interactions: examining the role of common viral infections in complex disease
Foxman EF, Iwasaki A. Genome–virome interactions: examining the role of common viral infections in complex disease. Nature Reviews Microbiology 2011, 9: 254-264. PMID: 21407242, PMCID: PMC3678363, DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2541.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGenome-wide association studiesAssociation studiesHuman genetic variationLarge regulatory networkHost-virus interactionsCrohn's diseaseRegulatory networksHost genesGenetic variationModel hostGenomic technologiesAutophagy pathwayAntiviral defenseViral infectionAdditional host factorsEnvironmental conditionsComplex diseasesCommon viral infectionsCases of asthmaSubsequent disease developmentGenesHostHost factorsDisease developmentParticular virus