2022
High-affinity, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be made without T follicular helper cells
Chen JS, Chow RD, Song E, Mao T, Israelow B, Kamath K, Bozekowski J, Haynes WA, Filler RB, Menasche BL, Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Song W, Peng L, Carter L, Weinstein JS, Gowthaman U, Chen S, Craft J, Shon JC, Iwasaki A, Wilen CB, Eisenbarth SC. High-affinity, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be made without T follicular helper cells. Science Immunology 2022, 7: eabl5652. PMID: 34914544, PMCID: PMC8977051, DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl5652.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2Follicular helper cellsB cell responsesHelper cellsAntibody productionCell responsesSARS-CoV-2 vaccinationB-cell receptor sequencingSevere COVID-19Cell receptor sequencingIndependent antibodiesT cell-B cell interactionsViral inflammationAntiviral antibodiesImmunoglobulin class switchingVirus infectionGerminal centersViral infectionClonal repertoireInfectionAntibodiesClass switchingCOVID-19PatientsDevelopment of Tbet- and CD11c-expressing B cells in a viral infection requires T follicular helper cells outside of germinal centers
Song W, Antao OQ, Condiff E, Sanchez GM, Chernova I, Zembrzuski K, Steach H, Rubtsova K, Angeletti D, Lemenze A, Laidlaw BJ, Craft J, Weinstein JS. Development of Tbet- and CD11c-expressing B cells in a viral infection requires T follicular helper cells outside of germinal centers. Immunity 2022, 55: 290-307.e5. PMID: 35090581, PMCID: PMC8965751, DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFollicular helper cellsB cellsGC B cellsHelper cellsMemory subsetsRobust recall responsesB cell subsetsGerminal center formationB cell generationAcute infectionCell subsetsRecall responsesTh1 cellsProximal deliveryCD11cGerminal centersIntegrin LFA-1Viral infectionAntibody productionVLA-4Splenic retentionLFA-1TbetBCL6 expressionInfection
2021
T Follicular Regulatory Cells: Choreographers of Productive Germinal Center Responses
Lu Y, Craft J. T Follicular Regulatory Cells: Choreographers of Productive Germinal Center Responses. Frontiers In Immunology 2021, 12: 679909. PMID: 34177925, PMCID: PMC8222975, DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679909.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTfr cellsTreg cellsHumoral immunityGerminal centersAntigen-specific B cell responsesFollicular helper cellsFollicular regulatory (Tfr) cellsB cell folliclesRegulatory T cellsB cell autoreactivityB cell responsesGerminal center responseB cell toleranceVaccine design strategiesTranscription factor Bcl6Regulatory cellsHelper cellsImmune homeostasisProductive immunityT cellsViral infectionCenter responseCell responsesGC responseImmune challenge
2019
Spatial and functional heterogeneity of follicular helper T cells in autoimmunity
Seth A, Craft J. Spatial and functional heterogeneity of follicular helper T cells in autoimmunity. Current Opinion In Immunology 2019, 61: 1-9. PMID: 31374450, PMCID: PMC7255639, DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.06.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHelper T cellsFollicular helper T cellsT cellsB cell helper T cellsTfh cell biologyB cell folliclesB cell helpT helper cellsNon-lymphoid tissuesAutoantibody-mediated autoimmunitySecondary lymphoidAutoimmune diseasesHelper cellsCell helpGerminal centersAnimal modelsB cell developmentHuman patientsPathogenic changesAutoimmunityProduction of affinityExtrafollicular spaceTherapeutic purposesFunctional heterogeneityCell developmentT follicular helper cell heterogeneity: Time, space, and function
Song W, Craft J. T follicular helper cell heterogeneity: Time, space, and function. Immunological Reviews 2019, 288: 85-96. PMID: 30874350, PMCID: PMC6422039, DOI: 10.1111/imr.12740.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2015
Progressive differentiation of follicular B helper T cells regulates the germinal center response (IRC11P.430)
Herman E, Weinstein J, Lainez B, Licona-Limón P, Esplugues E, Flavell R, Craft J. Progressive differentiation of follicular B helper T cells regulates the germinal center response (IRC11P.430). The Journal Of Immunology 2015, 194: 197.12-197.12. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.197.12.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFollicular B helper T cellsHelper T cellsTfh cellsGerminal centersT cellsIL-21IL-4Thymus-dependent humoral immune responsesIL-21 mRNAB cell folliclesTfh cell differentiationCD4 T cellsHumoral immune responseSecondary lymphoid organsEffective antibody responseGerminal center responseAntibody-secreting cellsActivated B cellsTranscription factor Bcl6B cell maturationAntibody responseLymphoid organsImmune responseB cellsCenter response
2014
Global transcriptome analysis and enhancer landscape of human primary T follicular helper and T effector lymphocytes
Weinstein JS, Lezon-Geyda K, Maksimova Y, Craft S, Zhang Y, Su M, Schulz VP, Craft J, Gallagher PG. Global transcriptome analysis and enhancer landscape of human primary T follicular helper and T effector lymphocytes. Blood 2014, 124: 3719-3729. PMID: 25331115, PMCID: PMC4263981, DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-06-582700.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT-cell lymphomaTfh cellsHelper cellsPrimary cutaneous T-cell lymphomaAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomaCutaneous T-cell lymphomaTfh cell functionFollicular helper cellsT effector cellsCell functionHuman Tfh cellsProtective humoral immunityT helper cellsLymphoid cell functionB cell maturationT lymphocyte developmentEffector cellsFollicular helperT effectorsAutoimmune diseasesHumoral immunityAntibody formationPlasma cellsGerminal centersLymphoid cellsDynamic signaling by T follicular helper cells during germinal center B cell selection
Shulman Z, Gitlin AD, Weinstein JS, Lainez B, Esplugues E, Flavell RA, Craft JE, Nussenzweig MC. Dynamic signaling by T follicular helper cells during germinal center B cell selection. Science 2014, 345: 1058-1062. PMID: 25170154, PMCID: PMC4519234, DOI: 10.1126/science.1257861.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFollicular helper cellsB cellsGC B cellsHelper cellsGerminal centersAntibody-producing B cellsCytokine interleukin-4B cell selectionGerminal center B cell selectionInterleukin-4Transient elevationMajor histocompatibilitySustained increaseFree calciumClonal expansionCognate peptideIntravital imagingCell migrationCellsIntracellularCell selectionHigh levelsHistocompatibilityPPARγ Negatively Regulates T Cell Activation to Prevent Follicular Helper T Cells and Germinal Center Formation
Park HJ, Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim WJ, Kim JY, Senejani AG, Hwang SS, Kim LK, Tobiasova Z, Lee GR, Craft J, Bothwell AL, Choi JM. PPARγ Negatively Regulates T Cell Activation to Prevent Follicular Helper T Cells and Germinal Center Formation. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e99127. PMID: 24921943, PMCID: PMC4055678, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099127.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFollicular helper T cellsHelper T cellsT cellsGerminal center reactionTfh cellsSheep red blood cell immunizationRed blood cell immunizationCenter reactionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaIL-21 expressionProliferator-activated receptor gammaWild-type T cellsType T cellsGerminal center formationGerminal center B cellsT cell activationCell immunizationAutoantibody productionGlomerular inflammationSignature cytokinesAdaptive immunityGerminal centersGlucose metabolismNF-κBB cellsTranscription factor Ascl2 limits Tfh cell differentiation and function (IRC8P.493)
Bertino S, Dong X, Laidlaw B, Craft J. Transcription factor Ascl2 limits Tfh cell differentiation and function (IRC8P.493). The Journal Of Immunology 2014, 192: 190.21-190.21. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.190.21.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTfh cellsIL-4T cellsAntibody productionCD4 T cell compartmentFollicular helper T cellsTfh cell subsetsTfh cell differentiationTfh cell developmentIL-4 productionT cell compartmentHelper T cellsLarge germinal centersGerminal center responseSecretion of cytokinesGerminal center formationB cell maturationGC B cellsIL-21Germinal centersB cellsCenter responseCell maturationConditional deletionMice
2012
T cells that promote B‐Cell maturation in systemic autoimmunity
Weinstein JS, Hernandez SG, Craft J. T cells that promote B‐Cell maturation in systemic autoimmunity. Immunological Reviews 2012, 247: 160-171. PMID: 22500839, PMCID: PMC3334351, DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01122.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystemic autoimmunityT cellsB cell maturationExtrafollicular fociGerminal centersB cellsTfh cellsImmune responseFollicular helper T cellsT cell-dependent immune responsesEnd-organ injuryB cell folliclesSystemic autoimmune diseaseTfh cell developmentHuman Tfh cellsSelf-reactive B cellsT helper cellsHelper T cellsSecondary lymphoid organsNormal immune responseT cell helpPlasma cell formationPathogenic autoantibodiesLymph nodesAutoimmune diseases
2011
Migrating out of the zone: the role of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 on T follicular helper cell movement (60.8)
Hernandez S, Weinstein J, Steiner L, Bertino S, Poholek A, Gallagher P, Craft J. Migrating out of the zone: the role of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 on T follicular helper cell movement (60.8). The Journal Of Immunology 2011, 186: 60.8-60.8. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.60.8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTfh cellsB cell folliclesT cell zonesGerminal centersT cellsLymphoid organsImmune responseB cellsFollicular helper T cellsTD immune responsesT-cell infiltratesChemokine receptor expressionHelper T cellsSecondary lymphoid organsCell zoneMemory B cellsDependent immune responsesGC B cellsWild-type controlsAdoptive transferCell infiltrateLymph nodesP-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1Plasma cell developmentDeficient miceCharacterization of different subsets of human follicular helper T (TFH) cells (152.9)
Choi J, Kim S, Lainez B, Craft J. Characterization of different subsets of human follicular helper T (TFH) cells (152.9). The Journal Of Immunology 2011, 186: 152.9-152.9. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.152.9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFollicular helper T cellsB cell folliclesHelper T cellsTfh cellsT cellsIL-21P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1IL-4Germinal centersB cellsTonsillar Tfh cellsIL-17 secretionExpression of CD127B cell helpAntigen-specific antibodiesGC B cellsTh17 cellsTfh subsetsPD-1Effector subsetsCell helpTherapeutic targetBCL-6RORC expressionHuman tonsils
2010
In Vivo Regulation of Bcl6 and T Follicular Helper Cell Development
Poholek AC, Hansen K, Hernandez SG, Eto D, Chandele A, Weinstein JS, Dong X, Odegard JM, Kaech SM, Dent AL, Crotty S, Craft J. In Vivo Regulation of Bcl6 and T Follicular Helper Cell Development. The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 185: 313-326. PMID: 20519643, PMCID: PMC2891136, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0904023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell CommunicationCell DifferentiationCricetinaeDNA-Binding ProteinsDown-RegulationFemaleImmunophenotypingLymphocyte CooperationMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6SpleenT-Lymphocyte SubsetsT-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerUp-RegulationConceptsPD-1 upregulationIL-21IL-6B cellsFollicular helper T cellsFollicular helper cell developmentDeath receptor-1Helper T cellsCytokines IL-6B cell interactionsB cell maturationTranscriptional repressor BCL6Vivo regulationCell developmentP-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1New surface markersT cellsGerminal centersInitial upregulationReceptor 1CXCR5BCL6 upregulationCell maturationSurface markersBCL6 expression
2009
Bcl6 and Blimp-1 Are Reciprocal and Antagonistic Regulators of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation
Johnston RJ, Poholek AC, DiToro D, Yusuf I, Eto D, Barnett B, Dent AL, Craft J, Crotty S. Bcl6 and Blimp-1 Are Reciprocal and Antagonistic Regulators of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation. Science 2009, 325: 1006-1010. PMID: 19608860, PMCID: PMC2766560, DOI: 10.1126/science.1175870.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibody FormationArenaviridae InfectionsB-LymphocytesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCell DifferentiationCell LineageCytokinesDNA-Binding ProteinsGene Expression RegulationGerminal CenterLymphocyte ActivationLymphocytic choriomeningitis virusMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicPositive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6RNA, MessengerSignal TransductionT-Lymphocyte SubsetsT-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerTranscription FactorsConceptsAntibody responseT cellsBlimp-1B cell germinal centersEffector T cell subsetsFollicular helper cell differentiationT Follicular Helper Cell DifferentiationFollicular helper cellsB cell-mediated immunityCell-mediated immunityT cell subsetsB cell responsesT cell helpTranscription factor Blimp-1Transcription factor Bcl6Helper cell differentiationDistinct CD4Cell subsetsHelper cellsCell helpGerminal centersB cellsCell responsesCD4BCL6Bcl6 is required for the development of T follicular helper cells marked by downregulation of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (46.7)
Poholek A, Hernandez S, Chandele A, Dong X, Odegard J, Kaech S, Dent A, Craft J. Bcl6 is required for the development of T follicular helper cells marked by downregulation of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (46.7). The Journal Of Immunology 2009, 182: 46.7-46.7. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.46.7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTfh cellsP-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1IL-21PD-1T cellsFollicular helper T cellsAbsence of ICOSExpression of CXCR5Follicular helper cellsTfh cell developmentHelper T cellsLigand 1B cell maturationTranscriptional repressor BCL6ICOS signalingNew surface markersHelper cellsGerminal centersB cellsCell maturationSurface markersExpression of BCL6BCL6CXCR5Downregulation
2008
ICOS-dependent extrafollicular helper T cells elicit IgG production via IL-21 in systemic autoimmunity
Odegard JM, Marks BR, DiPlacido LD, Poholek AC, Kono DH, Dong C, Flavell RA, Craft J. ICOS-dependent extrafollicular helper T cells elicit IgG production via IL-21 in systemic autoimmunity. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2008, 205: 2873-2886. PMID: 18981236, PMCID: PMC2585848, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20080840.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntigens, CDAntigens, Differentiation, T-LymphocyteAutoimmunityCell DifferentiationChemokinesDisease Models, AnimalGerminal CenterImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingImmunoglobulin GInducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator ProteinInterleukinsLupus Erythematosus, SystemicMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, KnockoutPlasma CellsReceptors, CXCR4T-Lymphocyte SubsetsT-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerConceptsEffector T cellsT cellsIL-21IgG productionCXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expressionB cell helper functionFollicular helper T cellsChemokine receptor 4 expressionReceptor 4 expressionCD4 T cellsHelper T cellsMRL/MpJAutoimmune strainsP-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1Autoantibody productionChronic autoimmunitySystemic autoimmunityPlasma cellsExtrafollicular responseExtrafollicular sitesMouse modelGerminal centersHelper functionSelective lossLigand 1