2023
Therapeutic value of first versus supplemental indications of drugs in US and Europe (2011-20): retrospective cohort study
Vokinger K, Glaus C, Kesselheim A, Serra-Burriel M, Ross J, Hwang T. Therapeutic value of first versus supplemental indications of drugs in US and Europe (2011-20): retrospective cohort study. The BMJ 2023, 382: e074166. PMID: 37407074, PMCID: PMC10320829, DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-074166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEuropean Medicines AgencyRetrospective cohort studyCohort studyTherapeutic valueSupplemental indicationsIndication approvalsHigh therapeutic valueAvailable treatmentsDrug AdministrationUS FoodMedicines AgencyFDA approvalHealth authoritiesCancer disordersSimilar findingsTherapeutic ratingFirst indicationDrugsIndicationsApprovalFDAPatientsLarge subsetProportionPhysiciansUS Food and Drug Administration Review Time of Supplemental New Indication Approvals of Drugs and Biologics, 2017 to 2019
Dhodapkar M, Ross J, Ramachandran R. US Food and Drug Administration Review Time of Supplemental New Indication Approvals of Drugs and Biologics, 2017 to 2019. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2318889. PMID: 37358857, PMCID: PMC10293905, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18889.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUS Food and Drug Administration Approval of Drugs Not Meeting Pivotal Trial Primary End Points, 2018-2021
Johnston J, Ross J, Ramachandran R. US Food and Drug Administration Approval of Drugs Not Meeting Pivotal Trial Primary End Points, 2018-2021. JAMA Internal Medicine 2023, 183: 376-380. PMID: 36780148, PMCID: PMC9926353, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.6444.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
Approvals and Timing of New Formulations of Novel Drugs Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration Between 1995 and 2010 and Followed Through 2021
Gupta R, Morten CJ, Zhu AY, Ramachandran R, Shah ND, Ross JS. Approvals and Timing of New Formulations of Novel Drugs Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration Between 1995 and 2010 and Followed Through 2021. JAMA Health Forum 2022, 3: e221096. PMID: 35977259, PMCID: PMC9123500, DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.1096.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyNovel drugsTherapeutic valueUS FoodDrug AdministrationWorld Health Organization Model ListGeneric approvalCapsule formMultivariable analysisAccelerated approvalClinical usefulnessMAIN OUTCOMEPrescription drugsBrand-name drugsModel ListEssential medicinesDrugsApproval statusMedicine inclusionFDANovel tabletBlockbuster statusApprovalAdministrationDrug sales
2021
Implementation of 21st Century Cures Act Expanded Access Policies Requirements
Kang S, Chang S, Ross JS, Miller JE. Implementation of 21st Century Cures Act Expanded Access Policies Requirements. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2021, 110: 1579-1584. PMID: 34431083, DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2401.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical trial transparency and data sharing among biopharmaceutical companies and the role of company size, location and product type: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis
Axson S, Mello MM, Lincow D, Yang C, Gross C, Ross JS, Miller J. Clinical trial transparency and data sharing among biopharmaceutical companies and the role of company size, location and product type: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis. BMJ Open 2021, 11: e053248. PMID: 34281933, PMCID: PMC8291313, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053248.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEvaluation of Drug Trials in High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries and Local Commercial Availability of Newly Approved Drugs
Miller JE, Mello MM, Wallach JD, Gudbranson EM, Bohlig B, Ross JS, Gross CP, Bach PB. Evaluation of Drug Trials in High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries and Local Commercial Availability of Newly Approved Drugs. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e217075. PMID: 33950209, PMCID: PMC8100865, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7075.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFDA approvalHigh-income countriesDrug approvalIncome countriesNovel drugsDrug Administration (FDA) drug approvalsRegulatory agency websitesCross-sectional analysisProportion of drugPrimary outcomeFDA drug approvalsProportion of countriesDrug trialsMAIN OUTCOMEUS FoodClinical researchCountry income levelLow-income countriesMarketing approvalTrialsGoogle ScholarDrugsDrug companiesApprovalMedian
2020
Association between FDA and EMA expedited approval programs and therapeutic value of new medicines: retrospective cohort study
Hwang TJ, Ross JS, Vokinger KN, Kesselheim AS. Association between FDA and EMA expedited approval programs and therapeutic value of new medicines: retrospective cohort study. The BMJ 2020, 371: m3434. PMID: 33028575, PMCID: PMC7537471, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m3434.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEuropean Medicines AgencyRetrospective cohort studyTherapeutic valueHigh therapeutic valueNew drugsCohort studyLow therapeutic valueEMA approvalUS FoodDrug AdministrationMedicines AgencyFDA approvalDrugsFDARegulatory approvalApproval programsNew medicinesAssociationGreater proportionApprovalProportionAdministrationMedicare Prescription Drug Plan Coverage of Hormone Therapies Used by Transgender Individuals
Solotke MT, Liu P, Dhruva SS, Gulanski B, Shah ND, Ross JS. Medicare Prescription Drug Plan Coverage of Hormone Therapies Used by Transgender Individuals. LGBT Health 2020, 7: 137-145. PMID: 32267818, DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0306.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Sharing of clinical trial data and results reporting practices among large pharmaceutical companies: cross sectional descriptive study and pilot of a tool to improve company practices
Miller J, Ross JS, Wilenzick M, Mello MM. Sharing of clinical trial data and results reporting practices among large pharmaceutical companies: cross sectional descriptive study and pilot of a tool to improve company practices. The BMJ 2019, 366: l4217. PMID: 31292127, PMCID: PMC6614834, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l4217.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClinical trial dataTrial dataDrug approvalSectional descriptive studyPharmaceutical companiesFDA drug approvalsLarge pharmaceutical companiesClinical trialsDrug levelsNew drug approvalsUS FoodDrug AdministrationNew drug applicationsFDA approvalPatientsNovel drugsDescriptive studyDrug applicationTrialsDrugsExternal investigatorsSharing scoreDrug companiesTrial transparencyStudy measuresPostmarketing commitments for novel drugs and biologics approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: a cross-sectional analysis
Wallach JD, Luxkaranayagam AT, Dhruva SS, Miller JE, Ross JS. Postmarketing commitments for novel drugs and biologics approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Medicine 2019, 17: 117. PMID: 31203816, PMCID: PMC6572730, DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1344-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew clinical trialsClinical trialsPostmarketing commitmentFDA approvalPeer-reviewed journalsNovel drugsPharmaceutical companiesCross-sectional analysisRate of completionRates of registrationClinical studiesPublic reporting requirementsFirst approvalTherapeutic evaluationUS FoodDrug AdministrationTrialsNew drugsFDA documentsBiologicsFDADrugsFDA recordsApprovalStatus
2018
Registration, results reporting, and publication bias of clinical trials supporting FDA approval of neuropsychiatric drugs before and after FDAAA: a retrospective cohort study
Zou CX, Becker JE, Phillips AT, Garritano JM, Krumholz HM, Miller JE, Ross JS. Registration, results reporting, and publication bias of clinical trials supporting FDA approval of neuropsychiatric drugs before and after FDAAA: a retrospective cohort study. Trials 2018, 19: 581. PMID: 30352601, PMCID: PMC6199729, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2957-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyPublication biasNeuropsychiatric indicationsCohort studyClinical trialsRelative riskEfficacy trialsFDA approvalPositive trialsFisher's exact testRecent FDA approvalDrug Administration Amendments ActClinical trial publicationsTRIAL REGISTRATIONMAIN OUTCOMEProportion of trialsNeuropsychiatric drugsNew drug approvalsTrial publicationsExact testMedical interventionsTrialsDrug approvalNew drugsDrugsPostmarket studies required by the US Food and Drug Administration for new drugs and biologics approved between 2009 and 2012: cross sectional analysis
Wallach JD, Egilman AC, Dhruva SS, McCarthy ME, Miller JE, Woloshin S, Schwartz LM, Ross JS. Postmarket studies required by the US Food and Drug Administration for new drugs and biologics approved between 2009 and 2012: cross sectional analysis. The BMJ 2018, 361: k2031. PMID: 29794072, PMCID: PMC5967364, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k2031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProspective cohort studyCohort studyClinical trialsPostmarketing requirementsTimeliness of registrationNew drugsUS FoodDrug AdministrationFDA approvalStudy designNumber of patientsSectional analysisPostmarket studiesFirst approvalRegistrySecondary analysisTrialsBiologicsDrugsComparator typeAdministrationApprovalFDAFDA's authorityAffordability and availability of off-patent drugs in the United States—the case for importing from abroad: observational study
Gupta R, Bollyky TJ, Cohen M, Ross JS, Kesselheim AS. Affordability and availability of off-patent drugs in the United States—the case for importing from abroad: observational study. The BMJ 2018, 360: k831. PMID: 29555641, PMCID: PMC5858606, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k831.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOff-patent drugsObservational studyRare diseasePrescription drugsPatent drugsStudy drugTotal Medicaid spendingCardiovascular diseaseOrphan drug designationPsychiatric diseasesDrug AdministrationPatient accessInfectious diseasesDiseaseDrug characteristicsEssential medicinesDrugsGeneric versionsGeneric drugsMedicaid spendingNovel tabletRegulatory agenciesFDAUnited StatesTreatment areaDirect-to-Consumer Broadcast Advertisements for Pharmaceuticals: Off-Label Promotion and Adherence to FDA Guidelines
Klara K, Kim J, Ross JS. Direct-to-Consumer Broadcast Advertisements for Pharmaceuticals: Off-Label Promotion and Adherence to FDA Guidelines. Journal Of General Internal Medicine 2018, 33: 651-658. PMID: 29484575, PMCID: PMC5910340, DOI: 10.1007/s11606-017-4274-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDTC adsDiabetes medicationsPresentation of risksLabel promotionPrescription drugsBlood pressure reductionFDA guidelinesBladder dysfunctionDiabetic neuropathyResultsOur sampleChronic conditionsInflammatory conditionsAllergic reactionsLabel usesPrescribers' decisionsUnique drugDrug AdministrationDrug risksDrug efficacyPressure reductionOff-label promotionWeight lossAdvertisement claimsConsumer advertisementsDrugsFactors Associated With Postmarketing Research for Approved Indications for Novel Medicines Approved by Both the FDA and EMA Between 2005 and 2010: A Multivariable Analysis
Zeitoun J, Ross JS, Atal I, Vivot A, Downing NS, Baron G, Ravaud P. Factors Associated With Postmarketing Research for Approved Indications for Novel Medicines Approved by Both the FDA and EMA Between 2005 and 2010: A Multivariable Analysis. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2018, 104: 1000-1007. PMID: 29377075, DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1038.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2017
Association between FDA black box warnings and Medicare formulary coverage changes.
Dhruva SS, Karaca-Mandic P, Shah ND, Shaw DL, Ross JS. Association between FDA black box warnings and Medicare formulary coverage changes. The American Journal Of Managed Care 2017, 23: e310-e315. PMID: 29087169.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFDA black box warningBlack box warningNew black box warningsBox warningCardiovascular riskDrug alternativesNew safety informationMajority of drugsFormulary changeRetrospective analysisFormulary coverageFormularyDrugsCapsule formulationSubstantial proportionMedicationsDeathRiskSafety informationFDAYearsAssociation of the FDA Amendment Act with trial registration, publication, and outcome reporting
Phillips AT, Desai NR, Krumholz HM, Zou CX, Miller JE, Ross JS. Association of the FDA Amendment Act with trial registration, publication, and outcome reporting. Trials 2017, 18: 333. PMID: 28720112, PMCID: PMC5516301, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2068-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiovascular diseaseTRIAL REGISTRATIONFDA approvalNew drugsClinical trial registrationFDA Amendments ActDrug Administration Amendments ActAccessible trial registryClinical trial publicationsTrials RegistryResultsBetween 2005Efficacy trialsFDA reviewersTrial publicationsOutcome reportingMedical literatureReviewer interpretationsTrialsReporting of findingsDiseaseFDA documentsDrugsDiabetesFDAAAReviewersPostapproval studies of drugs initially approved by the FDA on the basis of limited evidence: systematic review
Pease AM, Krumholz HM, Downing NS, Aminawung JA, Shah ND, Ross JS. Postapproval studies of drugs initially approved by the FDA on the basis of limited evidence: systematic review. The BMJ 2017, 357: j1680. PMID: 28468750, PMCID: PMC5421452, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j1680.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSingle pivotal trialPivotal trialsPostapproval studiesSurrogate markerPrimary endpointNovel drugsClinical outcomesClinical studiesLimited evidenceSystematic reviewDouble-blind studyMedian total numberClinical evidenceSuperior efficacyBlind studyDrug AdministrationOriginal FDATrial approvalDiseaseTrialsDrugsFDAEndpointEfficacyMarkersAssessing the potential clinical impact of reciprocal drug approval legislation on access to novel therapeutics in the USA: a cohort study
Larochelle M, Downing NS, Ross JS, David FS. Assessing the potential clinical impact of reciprocal drug approval legislation on access to novel therapeutics in the USA: a cohort study. BMJ Open 2017, 7: e014582. PMID: 28179418, PMCID: PMC5306516, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014582.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEuropean Medicines AgencyCohort studyClinical impactRare diseaseHealth CanadaNew therapeuticsLikely clinical impactPotential clinical impactUS patientsAvailable therapiesNovel mechanismDrug AdministrationMedicines AgencyNovel therapeuticsUS approvalNew drugsDrugsFDA submissionsReview outcomesTherapeuticsSafety concernsDiseaseFDAMechanistic noveltyAffected population