2015
Deletion of Rac in Mature Osteoclasts Causes Osteopetrosis, an Age‐Dependent Change in Osteoclast Number, and a Reduced Number of Osteoblasts In Vivo
Zhu M, Sun B, Saar K, Simpson C, Troiano N, Dallas SL, Tiede‐Lewis L, Nevius E, Pereira JP, Weinstein RS, Tommasini SM, Insogna KL. Deletion of Rac in Mature Osteoclasts Causes Osteopetrosis, an Age‐Dependent Change in Osteoclast Number, and a Reduced Number of Osteoblasts In Vivo. Journal Of Bone And Mineral Research 2015, 31: 864-873. PMID: 26496249, PMCID: PMC4826801, DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2733.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgingAnimalsCell CountGene DeletionHumansMiceMice, KnockoutNeuropeptidesOsteoblastsOsteoclastsOsteopetrosisRac GTP-Binding ProteinsRac1 GTP-Binding ProteinConceptsDual-energy X-ray absorptiometryBone mineral densityDKO miceParathyroid hormoneOsteoclast numberDKO animalsSerum cross-linked C-telopeptideCross-linked C-telopeptideDaily parathyroid hormoneTrabecular bone massX-ray absorptiometryMetaphyseal trabecular boneNormal differentiation markersAge-dependent changesC-telopeptideMineral densityBone massBone densityActin ring formationSkeletal metabolismOsteoblast numberTooth eruptionResorptive activityNormal responseFocal disruption
2010
Osteoclasts Lacking Rac2 Have Defective Chemotaxis and Resorptive Activity
Itokowa T, Zhu ML, Troiano N, Bian J, Kawano T, Insogna K. Osteoclasts Lacking Rac2 Have Defective Chemotaxis and Resorptive Activity. Calcified Tissue International 2010, 88: 75-86. PMID: 21110188, PMCID: PMC3155765, DOI: 10.1007/s00223-010-9435-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTrabecular bone massBone massMature osteoclastsFemoral cortical thicknessTotal bone areaNumber of osteoclastsWild-type miceNormal tooth eruptionNumber of osteoblastsWild-type animalsBone resorptionCortical porosityActin ring formationCortical thicknessTooth eruptionOsteoclast functionResorptive activityDefective chemotaxisBone areaFemale animalsMiceOsteoclastsMigratory rateNormal sizeSignificant differences
2008
The Anabolic Response to Parathyroid Hormone Is Augmented in Rac2 Knockout Mice
Kawano T, Troiano N, Adams DJ, Wu JJ, Sun BH, Insogna K. The Anabolic Response to Parathyroid Hormone Is Augmented in Rac2 Knockout Mice. Endocrinology 2008, 149: 4009-4015. PMID: 18467443, PMCID: PMC2488220, DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnabolic responseType 1 collagenWild-type animalsPTH treatmentKnockout miceResorptive activityAvailable anabolic therapyTotal bone densityAge-matched wild-type animalsSerum aminoterminal propeptideWild-type groupRac2 knockout miceGroups of animalsAnabolic therapyParathyroid hormoneResorptive responseSerum markersOsteoclast numberTherapeutic responseAminoterminal propeptideBone massBone densitySkeletal responseCortical thicknessGenetic absence
2006
Activated c-Fms recruits Vav and Rac during CSF-1-induced cytoskeletal remodeling and spreading in osteoclasts
Sakai H, Chen Y, Itokawa T, Yu KP, Zhu ML, Insogna K. Activated c-Fms recruits Vav and Rac during CSF-1-induced cytoskeletal remodeling and spreading in osteoclasts. Bone 2006, 39: 1290-1301. PMID: 16950670, DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.06.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsActinsAndrostadienesAnimalsBiological Transport, ActiveCdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinCells, CulturedCytoskeletonEnzyme InhibitorsGuanosine TriphosphateHumansMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorMiceModels, BiologicalOsteoclastsPhosphoinositide-3 Kinase InhibitorsProtein BindingProto-Oncogene Proteins c-vavPseudopodiaRac GTP-Binding ProteinsRatsReceptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorRecombinant ProteinsSignal TransductionWortmanninConceptsCSF-1GEF activityCytoskeletal remodelingGTPase activityAssociation of VavC-fmsRac GTPase activityDominant negative Cdc42Dominant-negative RacCSF-1 receptorInhibitors of PI3CSF-1 treatmentTarget GTPaseActive RacExchange factorActive Cdc42Actin reorganizationLamellipodia formationPhosphotyrosine contentC-SrcPlasma membraneInhibitor of RhoARapid translocationVavRac translocation