Featured Publications
E-cigarette Use Patterns, Flavors, and Device Characteristics Associated With Quitting Smoking Among a U.S. sample of Adults Using E-cigarettes in a Smoking Cessation Attempt
Bold K, O’Malley S, Krishnan-Sarin S, Morean M. E-cigarette Use Patterns, Flavors, and Device Characteristics Associated With Quitting Smoking Among a U.S. sample of Adults Using E-cigarettes in a Smoking Cessation Attempt. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2022, 25: 954-961. PMID: 36462196, PMCID: PMC10077943, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac276.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansNicotineSmoking CessationTobacco ProductsUnited StatesVapingConceptsE-cigarette useE-cigarettesTobacco regulatory policyLonger durationNicotine concentrationsAbstinence durationNon-tobacco flavorsMultivariable linear regression modelsSmoking cessation attemptE-cigarette use patternsDuration of abstinenceLonger abstinence durationCessation successSmoking cessationCigarette cessationQuitting smokingMultivariable modelCessation attemptsQuit attemptsE-cigarette flavorsSmokingAverage durationAbstinenceAdultsPublic healthExamining associations of e-cigarette flavour restrictions with e-cigarette use and success quitting smoking among US adults
Bold KW, Krishnan-Sarin S, O'Malley S, Morean ME. Examining associations of e-cigarette flavour restrictions with e-cigarette use and success quitting smoking among US adults. Tobacco Control 2022, 31: s184-s186. PMID: 36328465, PMCID: PMC9664117, DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2022-057458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdolescentAdultElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFlavoring AgentsHumansMentholSmoking CessationVapingExamining the potential role of e-cigarettes to reduce health disparities associated with menthol cigarette use: Characterizing e-cigarette use, flavors, and reasons for use among US adults smoking menthol cigarettes
Bold KW, Buta E, Simon P, Gueorguieva R, Jackson A, Suttiratana SC, Krishnan-Sarin S, O'Malley SS. Examining the potential role of e-cigarettes to reduce health disparities associated with menthol cigarette use: Characterizing e-cigarette use, flavors, and reasons for use among US adults smoking menthol cigarettes. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2022, 236: 109475. PMID: 35594642, PMCID: PMC9248755, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109475.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFlavoring AgentsHumansMentholTobaccoTobacco ProductsVapingSchool-based E-cigarette cessation programs: What do youth want?
Bold K, Kong G, Cavallo D, Davis D, Jackson A, Krishnan-Sarin S. School-based E-cigarette cessation programs: What do youth want? Addictive Behaviors 2021, 125: 107167. PMID: 34753093, PMCID: PMC8629945, DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107167.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsSmokersTobacco ProductsVapingConceptsConcentration/attentionCessation programsQualitative themesHigh school youthSchool youthIntervention developmentYouthE-cigarette usePersonal anecdotesFocus groupsCurrent e-cigarette usersRewardPerceptionDeductive approachSkillsFall 2019AbstinenceApathyInaccurate reportingThemesProgramEmbarrassmentE-cigarette usersAttention
2024
How healthcare providers and the right information may play a critical role in quitting success among smokers interested in using e-cigarettes for quitting: Results from a survey of U.S adults
Sharma A, King J, Krishnan-Sarin S, O’Malley S, Morean M, Bold K. How healthcare providers and the right information may play a critical role in quitting success among smokers interested in using e-cigarettes for quitting: Results from a survey of U.S adults. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0303245. PMID: 38753868, PMCID: PMC11098412, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303245.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHealth PersonnelHumansInternetMaleMiddle AgedSmokersSmoking CessationSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesVapingYoung AdultConceptsHealthcare providersQuit smokingE-cigarettesBenefits of e-cigarettesPromote smoking cessationPotential public health benefitsGlobal public health priorityPublic health priorityReduce cigarette smokingIncrease quit ratesSmoking cessation attemptsCessation supportNicotine concentrationsHealth prioritySource of informationQuit ratesUS adultsU.S adultsSmoking cessationQuit successCessation attemptsHealthcareProvidersSmokingCigarette smokingSources of exposure to non-tobacco nicotine electronic nicotine delivery systems and associations with susceptibility to use and use behaviors among young adults in the United States
Li W, Kong G, Davis D, Bold K, Krishnan-Sarin S, Camenga D, Morean M. Sources of exposure to non-tobacco nicotine electronic nicotine delivery systems and associations with susceptibility to use and use behaviors among young adults in the United States. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0299533. PMID: 38718067, PMCID: PMC11078344, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299533.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansMaleNicotineSocial MediaSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsElectronic nicotine delivery systemsAssociated with greater oddsNicotine delivery systemsGreater oddsYoung adultsTobacco product useTobacco-free nicotineDelivery systemLifetime useENDS usePast-monthExamined associationsNicotineSocial mediaPrevention effortsOddsAdultsSusceptibilityAnalyzed online survey dataStreaming platformsExposureA randomized controlled trial of potential tobacco policies prohibiting menthol flavor in cigarettes and e-cigarettes: a study protocol
Bold K, Sharma A, Haeny A, Gueorguieva R, Buta E, Baldassarri S, Lempert L, Krishnan-Sarin S, O’Malley S. A randomized controlled trial of potential tobacco policies prohibiting menthol flavor in cigarettes and e-cigarettes: a study protocol. BMC Psychiatry 2024, 24: 201. PMID: 38475757, PMCID: PMC10935798, DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05619-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCigarette SmokingElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFlavoring AgentsHumansMentholRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTobacco ControlTobacco ProductsUnited StatesConceptsSmoking menthol cigarettesE-cigarettesCigarette useReduce tobacco-related health disparitiesTobacco-related health disparitiesMenthol cigarettesRates of menthol cigarette useTobacco use statusMenthol cigarette useRandomized controlled trialsPublic health problemHealth disparitiesTobacco policiesFlavored e-cigarettesSmoke-freeMenthol flavorsMenthol policiesBlack adultsQuit smokingNon-Black participantsSmoking behaviorFollow-up visitHealth problemsSecondary outcomesE-cigarette products
2023
Accurately classifying cannabis blunt use as tobacco-cannabis co-use versus exclusive cannabis use
Morean M, Kong G, Bold K, Davis D, Krishnan-Sarin S. Accurately classifying cannabis blunt use as tobacco-cannabis co-use versus exclusive cannabis use. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2023, 249: 109941. PMID: 37270936, PMCID: PMC10330737, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109941.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdolescentCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsCannabisElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansMarijuana SmokingTobacco ProductsTobacco UseQualitative exploration of longer versus shorter quit attempts among adults using E-Cigarettes for combustible cigarette cessation
Suttiratana S, Morean M, Krishnan-Sarin S, Bold K. Qualitative exploration of longer versus shorter quit attempts among adults using E-Cigarettes for combustible cigarette cessation. Addictive Behaviors 2023, 143: 107710. PMID: 37015170, PMCID: PMC10165882, DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107710.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHealth BehaviorHumansProbabilitySmoking CessationTobacco ProductsConceptsQuit attemptsE-cigarettesSmoking cigarettesHealth-related harmsShort durationCombustible cigarette useAttempt durationSmoking cessationCigarette cessationMajority of participantsCigarette useCombustible cigarettesE-cigarette devicesHealth concernLonger durationCigarettesMost participantsCessationDurationSocial stigmaAdditional researchAdult experienceAdultsQualitative explorationInterview transcriptsAssociation of racial discrimination in health care settings and use of electronic cigarettes to quit smoking among Black adults
Jackson A, Gibbons F, Fleischli M, Haeny A, Bold K, Suttiratana S, Fagan P, Krishnan-Sarin S, Gerrard M. Association of racial discrimination in health care settings and use of electronic cigarettes to quit smoking among Black adults. Journal Of Substance Use And Addiction Treatment 2023, 155: 208985. PMID: 36822270, PMCID: PMC10442461, DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.208985.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack or African AmericanDelivery of Health CareElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansRacismSmoking CessationTobacco Use Cessation DevicesConceptsCigarette cessationHealth care settingsE-cigarettesBlack adultsHealth careCare settingsSmoking cessation practicesSmoking cessation methodsTobacco-related diseasesHealth insurance statusHealth care professionalsAge of onsetCommunity Health StudyCessation practicesSmoking cessationCessation aidInsurance statusCessation methodsSeparate logistic regressionsCurrent treatmentHealth StudyCare professionalsCigarette useElectronic cigarettesLogistic regressionThe first nicotine product tried is associated with current multiple nicotine product use and nicotine dependence among a nationally representative sample of U.S. youths
Simon P, Buta E, Jackson A, Camenga D, Kong G, Morean M, Bold K, Davis D, Krishnan-Sarin S, Gueorguieva R. The first nicotine product tried is associated with current multiple nicotine product use and nicotine dependence among a nationally representative sample of U.S. youths. Preventive Medicine 2023, 169: 107437. PMID: 36731754, PMCID: PMC10507373, DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107437.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentChildElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansNicotineTobacco ProductsTobacco UseTobacco Use DisorderUnited StatesConceptsNicotine product useSymptoms of dependenceNicotine dependenceMultiple product useSmokeless tobaccoNicotine productsProduct useSeparate multinomial logistic regression modelsHealth Study Waves 1Wave 1Smokeless tobacco usersHigher nicotine dependence scoresNicotine dependence scoresDemographic factorsLogistic regression modelsMultinomial logistic regression modelsMultivariable modelTobacco usersHigh riskDependence scoresSymptomsGreater likelihoodUse statusWave 4Regression modelsAwareness, susceptibility, and use of oral nicotine pouches and comparative risk perceptions with smokeless tobacco among young adults in the United States
Morean M, Bold K, Davis D, Kong G, Krishnan-Sarin S, Camenga D. Awareness, susceptibility, and use of oral nicotine pouches and comparative risk perceptions with smokeless tobacco among young adults in the United States. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0281235. PMID: 36716297, PMCID: PMC9886243, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281235.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
The Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire: Psychometric properties of the originally-proposed five-factor structure and a novel four-factor structure for use with adults who currently smoke cigarettes
Morean M, Bold K. The Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire: Psychometric properties of the originally-proposed five-factor structure and a novel four-factor structure for use with adults who currently smoke cigarettes. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2022, 241: 109684. PMID: 36371995, PMCID: PMC9772171, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109684.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSmokingSurveys and QuestionnairesTobacco ProductsConceptsModified Cigarette Evaluation QuestionnaireCigarette Evaluation QuestionnaireGroup differencesPsychometric propertiesSmoking-related characteristicsEvaluation questionnaireSmoking characteristicsAversive effectsFour-factor structurePrior trialsParticipant subgroupsKey psychometric propertiesLatent factor structureStrong psychometric propertiesFive-factor structureAdultsInternal consistencyCigarettesTest-criterion validitySecondary testFactor structureReplication sampleAdditional researchMeasurement invarianceFour-factor solution
2020
Association between preference for using alcohol beverage-named e-liquids and alcohol use among high school youth
Jackson A, Wu R, Kong G, Camenga D, Morean M, Simon P, Bold K, Haeny A, Krishnan-Sarin S. Association between preference for using alcohol beverage-named e-liquids and alcohol use among high school youth. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2020, 209: 107903. PMID: 32078976, PMCID: PMC7265357, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107903.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAlcoholic BeveragesConnecticutElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleFlavoring AgentsHumansMaleSchoolsSurveys and QuestionnairesTasteUnderage DrinkingVapingConceptsAlcohol useE-cigarette usersPast month alcohol useE-liquid flavorsE-liquidsE-cigarettesMonth alcohol usePast monthPast-month binge drinkingPreference of alcoholAlcohol drinking statusAlcohol beveragesPast-month bingeDrinking statusMultinomial logistic regressionBinge drinkingLogistic regressionBingeAssociationAdolescent alcohol useAdolescentsMonthsLiquid flavorsConnecticut high schools
2018
Trajectories of E-Cigarette and Conventional Cigarette Use Among Youth
Bold KW, Kong G, Camenga DR, Simon P, Cavallo DA, Morean ME, Krishnan-Sarin S. Trajectories of E-Cigarette and Conventional Cigarette Use Among Youth. Pediatrics 2018, 141: e20171832. PMID: 29203523, PMCID: PMC5744268, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1832.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2017
Early age of e-cigarette use onset mediates the association between impulsivity and e-cigarette use frequency in youth
Bold KW, Morean ME, Kong G, Simon P, Camenga DR, Cavallo DA, Krishnan-Sarin S. Early age of e-cigarette use onset mediates the association between impulsivity and e-cigarette use frequency in youth. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2017, 181: 146-151. PMID: 29055268, PMCID: PMC5683935, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.09.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAge FactorsConnecticutCross-Sectional StudiesElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansImpulsive BehaviorMalePeer GroupRisk FactorsSchoolsSelf ReportSelf-ControlSmokingTobacco ProductsConceptsE-cigarette useMore frequent e-cigarette useEarly ageFrequent e-cigarette useE-cigarette use onsetLong-term useE-cigarette initiationE-cigarette usersE-cigarette use frequencyE-cigarette interventionsBehavioral impulsivityRisk factorsEarly initiationUnknown health effectsDomains of impulsivityImpulsive youthE-cigarettesGreater riskPast month
2016
E-Cigarette Susceptibility as a Predictor of Youth Initiation of E-Cigarettes
Bold KW, Kong G, Cavallo DA, Camenga DR, Krishnan-Sarin S. E-Cigarette Susceptibility as a Predictor of Youth Initiation of E-Cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2016, 20: 140-144. PMID: 28035000, PMCID: PMC5868212, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw393.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdolescentDisease SusceptibilityElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHealth SurveysHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSchoolsSmokingStudentsTobacco ProductsReasons for Trying E-cigarettes and Risk of Continued Use
Bold KW, Kong G, Cavallo DA, Camenga DR, Krishnan-Sarin S. Reasons for Trying E-cigarettes and Risk of Continued Use. Pediatrics 2016, 138: e20160895. PMID: 27503349, PMCID: PMC5005025, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-0895.Peer-Reviewed Original Research