2003
Auditory comprehension of language in young children
Ahmad Z, Balsamo L, Sachs B, Xu B, Gaillard W. Auditory comprehension of language in young children. Neurology 2003, 60: 1598-1605. PMID: 12771248, DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000059865.32155.86.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAuditory comprehensionTemporal gyrusYoung childrenLeft middle temporal gyrusAuditory language processingSuperior temporal sulcusRight-handed childrenMiddle temporal gyrusSuperior temporal gyrusLanguage fMRI studyTemporal sulcusLateralized activationFMRI studyAngular gyrusLanguage organizationIndividual subject dataLanguage processingTemporal regionsBrain regionsControl conditionFrontal lobeAge 5GyrusSignificant activationFMRIfMRI identifies regional specialization of neural networks for reading in young children
Gaillard WD, Balsamo LM, Ibrahim Z, Sachs BC, Xu B. fMRI identifies regional specialization of neural networks for reading in young children. Neurology 2003, 60: 94-100. PMID: 12525725, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.60.1.94.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiddle frontal gyrusFrontal gyrusTemporal-occipital junctionMiddle temporal gyrusYoung childrenSupplementary motor areaFusiform gyrusLanguage networkTemporal gyrusOccipital junctionLanguage lateralizationNative EnglishEarly readersWernicke's areaNeural networkMotor areaBrain regionsCognitive networksAge 6Prominent activationGyrusFMRIChildren 7Interest approachBOLD technique
2002
A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Left Hemisphere Language Dominance in Children
Balsamo LM, Xu B, Grandin CB, Petrella JR, Braniecki SH, Elliott TK, Gaillard WD. A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Left Hemisphere Language Dominance in Children. JAMA Neurology 2002, 59: 1168-1174. PMID: 12117366, DOI: 10.1001/archneur.59.7.1168.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontal gyrusTemporal gyrusLanguage dominanceFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studyLeft hemisphere language dominanceFunctional magnetic resonance imagingAuditory language taskStrong left lateralizationLeft inferior temporal gyrusInferior frontal gyrusFunctional magnetic resonanceMiddle temporal gyrusMiddle frontal gyrusHemisphere language dominanceInferior temporal gyrusMagnetic resonance imaging studyResonance imaging studyReceptive languageHemisphere lateralizationLeft lateralizationAreas of activationLanguage tasksLeft fusiformGreater activationHemispheric lateralization
2001
Cortical localization of reading in normal children
Gaillard WD, Pugliese M, Grandin CB, Braniecki SH, Kondapaneni P, Hunter K, Xu B, Petrella JR, Balsamo L, Basso G. Cortical localization of reading in normal children. Neurology 2001, 57: 47-54. PMID: 11445627, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.1.47.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInferior frontal gyrusFrontal gyrusTemporal gyrusLeft inferior frontal gyrusLeft middle temporal gyrusBrain regionsLanguage processing areasBlood oxygen level-dependent fMRIMiddle temporal gyrusDorsolateral prefrontal cortexSuperior temporal gyrusMiddle frontal gyrusLeft-sided lateralizationLevel-dependent fMRINaming TaskLanguage dominanceRegion activationText paradigmPrefrontal cortexCognitive functionNative EnglishMidfrontal gyrusTemporal cortexLate childhoodFMRI