2022
Maximizing the value of phase III trials in immuno-oncology: A checklist from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC)
Atkins MB, Abu-Sbeih H, Ascierto PA, Bishop MR, Chen DS, Dhodapkar M, Emens LA, Ernstoff MS, Ferris RL, Greten TF, Gulley JL, Herbst RS, Humphrey RW, Larkin J, Margolin KA, Mazzarella L, Ramalingam SS, Regan MM, Rini BI, Sznol M. Maximizing the value of phase III trials in immuno-oncology: A checklist from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC). Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2022, 10: e005413. PMID: 36175037, PMCID: PMC9528604, DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005413.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsChecklistClinical Trials as TopicImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunologic FactorsImmunotherapyLigandsNeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsPhase III trialsImmunotherapy of cancerIII trialsCurative responseImmune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapyCell death protein 1Checkpoint inhibitor monotherapyDefinitive predictive biomarkersDurable clinical benefitProgression-free survivalMinority of patientsDeath protein 1Variety of indicationsClinical trial designAnimal tumor modelsLimited Phase IDrug development programsImmunotherapy combinationsInvestigational chemotherapyImmunotherapy fieldInhibitor monotherapyOverall survivalDismal prognosisClinical benefitSurvival outcomes
2021
Resistance mechanisms to checkpoint inhibitors
Weiss SA, Sznol M. Resistance mechanisms to checkpoint inhibitors. Current Opinion In Immunology 2021, 69: 47-55. PMID: 33676271, DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.02.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPD-1/PD-L1 axisMultiple immune checkpoint inhibitorsPD1/PD-L1PD-L1 axisHuman translational studiesPre-clinical studiesPre-clinical animalResistance mechanismsCheckpoint inhibitorsPD-L1Clinical outcomesTreatment failureClinical trialsTranslational studiesCancer treatmentPotential mechanismsInhibitorsPatientsClinicTrialsAntibodiesMolecular correlates of response to nivolumab at baseline and on treatment in patients with RCC
Ross-Macdonald P, Walsh AM, Chasalow SD, Ammar R, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Szabo PM, Choueiri TK, Sznol M, Wind-Rotolo M. Molecular correlates of response to nivolumab at baseline and on treatment in patients with RCC. Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2021, 9: e001506. PMID: 33658305, PMCID: PMC7931766, DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001506.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Renal CellCD4 AntigensCD8 AntigensCytokinesDrug Resistance, NeoplasmHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsKidney NeoplasmsLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMutationNivolumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorReceptors, Antigen, T-CellTime FactorsT-LymphocytesTreatment OutcomeConceptsClear cell renal cell carcinomaMetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinomaT cell infiltrationNivolumab responseExact testDeath ligand 1 (PD-L1) statusFirst-line treatment decisionsT-cell receptor clonalitySerum cytokine assaysImmune checkpoint inhibitorsNon-responding patientsDeath-1 receptorCell renal cell carcinomaSubset of patientsRenal cell carcinomaFisher's exact testWnt/β-cateninLogistic regression modelsRank sum testCD8 statusCheckpoint inhibitorsIndex lesionPatient selectionTCR clonalityCell carcinoma
2020
Revisiting anti-CTLA-4 antibodies in combination with PD-1 blockade for cancer immunotherapy
Sznol M, Melero I. Revisiting anti-CTLA-4 antibodies in combination with PD-1 blockade for cancer immunotherapy. Annals Of Oncology 2020, 32: 295-297. PMID: 33307201, DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCTLA-4 AntigenHumansImmunotherapyLung NeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorBempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Safety, Efficacy, and Immune Activation (PIVOT-02)
Diab A, Tannir NM, Bentebibel SE, Hwu P, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Haymaker C, Kluger HM, Gettinger SN, Sznol M, Tykodi SS, Curti BD, Tagliaferri MA, Zalevsky J, Hannah AL, Hoch U, Aung S, Fanton C, Rizwan A, Iacucci E, Liao Y, Bernatchez C, Hurwitz ME, Cho DC. Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Safety, Efficacy, and Immune Activation (PIVOT-02). Cancer Discovery 2020, 10: 1158-1173. PMID: 32439653, DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1510.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCarcinoma, Renal CellFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyInterleukin-2Kidney NeoplasmsLung NeoplasmsLymphocyte CountLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMaleMelanomaMiddle AgedNivolumabPolyethylene GlycolsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultConceptsTreatment-related adverse eventsAdvanced solid tumorsPD-L1 statusSolid tumorsGrade 3/4 treatment-related adverse eventsPD-1/PD-L1 blockadeCommon treatment-related adverse eventsPhase I dose-escalation trialPoor prognostic risk factorsTotal objective response rateI dose-escalation studyI dose-escalation trialLongitudinal tumor biopsiesPD-L1 blockadeT-cell enhancementTreatment-related deathsObjective response ratePhase II doseDose-escalation studyDose-escalation trialDose-limiting toxicityFlu-like symptomsPrognostic risk factorsTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesCytotoxicity of CD8Defining tumor resistance to PD-1 pathway blockade: recommendations from the first meeting of the SITC Immunotherapy Resistance Taskforce
Kluger HM, Tawbi HA, Ascierto ML, Bowden M, Callahan MK, Cha E, Chen HX, Drake CG, Feltquate DM, Ferris RL, Gulley JL, Gupta S, Humphrey RW, LaVallee TM, Le DT, Hubbard-Lucey VM, Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Postow MA, Rubin EH, Sharon E, Taube JM, Topalian SL, Zappasodi R, Sznol M, Sullivan RJ. Defining tumor resistance to PD-1 pathway blockade: recommendations from the first meeting of the SITC Immunotherapy Resistance Taskforce. Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2020, 8: e000398. PMID: 32238470, PMCID: PMC7174063, DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000398.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansImmunotherapyMaleNeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsCancer immunotherapyClinical definitionNew agentsPD-1/PD-L1 blockadePD-1 pathway blockadeConsensus clinical definitionPD-L1 blockadeDeath receptor-1Immunotherapy of cancerStandard of careClinical trial designTreatment discontinuationMechanisms of resistancePathway blockadeClinical trialsConfirmatory scanPrimary resistancePatient benefitSecondary resistanceTrial designTreatment approachesUnmet needReceptor 1Tumor resistancePattern of response
2019
Immunotherapy of Melanoma: Facts and Hopes
Weiss SA, Wolchok JD, Sznol M. Immunotherapy of Melanoma: Facts and Hopes. Clinical Cancer Research 2019, 25: 5191-5201. PMID: 30923036, PMCID: PMC6726509, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1550.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalClinical Trials as TopicCTLA-4 AntigenHumansImmunotherapyMelanomaNeoplasm MetastasisPrognosisProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicConceptsOverall survivalMetastatic diseaseImmune therapyPredictive biomarkersNivolumab/ipilimumab combinationRandomized phase III trialLong-term clinical benefitImmunobiology of tumorsDuration of therapyPhase III trialsLong-term survivorsEffective immune therapyAdjuvant settingIpilimumab combinationMetastatic settingIII trialsPatient subsetsClinical benefitImmune modulationMetastatic melanomaClinical trialsSingle agentTherapyTrue increaseCell therapyPatterns of failure after immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors predict durable progression-free survival after local therapy for metastatic melanoma
Klemen ND, Wang M, Feingold PL, Cooper K, Pavri SN, Han D, Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Khan SA, Olino K, Clune J, Ariyan S, Salem RR, Weiss SA, Kluger HM, Sznol M, Cha C. Patterns of failure after immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors predict durable progression-free survival after local therapy for metastatic melanoma. Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2019, 7: 196. PMID: 31340861, PMCID: PMC6657062, DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0672-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsThree-year progression-free survivalProgression-free survivalDisease-specific survivalFive-year disease-specific survivalPatterns of failureDurable progression-free survivalLocal therapyStereotactic body radiotherapyMetastatic melanomaNew metastasesPatient selectionIndependent radiological reviewOngoing complete responseResultsFour hundred twentyEvidence of diseaseCNS metastasisCPI treatmentImmunotherapy failureCheckpoint inhibitorsMost patientsProgressive diseaseRadiological reviewComplete responsePD-1PD-L1
2018
Bullous disorders associated with anti–PD-1 and anti–PD-L1 therapy: A retrospective analysis evaluating the clinical and histopathologic features, frequency, and impact on cancer therapy
Siegel J, Totonchy M, Damsky W, Berk-Krauss J, Castiglione F, Sznol M, Petrylak DP, Fischbach N, Goldberg SB, Decker RH, Stamatouli AM, Hafez N, Glusac EJ, Tomayko MM, Leventhal JS. Bullous disorders associated with anti–PD-1 and anti–PD-L1 therapy: A retrospective analysis evaluating the clinical and histopathologic features, frequency, and impact on cancer therapy. Journal Of The American Academy Of Dermatology 2018, 79: 1081-1088. PMID: 30025829, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.07.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenal Cortex HormonesAgedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenDrug EruptionsFemaleHumansLichenoid EruptionsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm ProteinsNeoplasmsNivolumabPemphigoid, BullousProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRetrospective StudiesSkin Diseases, VesiculobullousTertiary Care CentersTreatment OutcomeConceptsPD-L1 therapyAnti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapyBullous disordersBullous eruptionPD-1/PD-L1 therapyCell death ligand-1 therapyAnti-programmed cell death 1Cancer therapyDeath ligand 1 therapySingle tertiary care centerLinear IgA bullous dermatosisYale-New Haven HospitalDistinct therapeutic challengesInterruption of immunotherapyPositive tumor responseSteroid-sparing agentTertiary care centerIgA bullous dermatosisCell death 1New Haven HospitalStable diseaseSystemic corticosteroidsSystemic steroidsMaintenance therapyL1 therapyCollateral Damage: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Induced With Checkpoint Inhibitors
Stamatouli AM, Quandt Z, Perdigoto AL, Clark PL, Kluger H, Weiss SA, Gettinger S, Sznol M, Young A, Rushakoff R, Lee J, Bluestone JA, Anderson M, Herold KC. Collateral Damage: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Induced With Checkpoint Inhibitors. Diabetes 2018, 67: dbi180002. PMID: 29937434, PMCID: PMC6054443, DOI: 10.2337/dbi18-0002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalAutoimmune DiseasesB7-H1 AntigenDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHLA-DR4 AntigenHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin SecretionIsoantibodiesKetosisModels, ImmunologicalNeoplasmsPancreasPancreatitisProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsInsulin-dependent diabetesCheckpoint inhibitorsAdverse eventsHLA-DR4Classic type 1 diabetesPD-L1 checkpoint inhibitorsEvidence of pancreatitisImmune adverse eventsSolid organ cancersType 1 diabetesPeridiagnosis periodPositive autoantibodiesL1 antibodyInsulin-DependentHigh riskPatientsDiabetesCancerInhibitorsKetoacidosisAutoimmuneAutoantibodiesPancreatitisComplicationsSyndromeCombination Strategies PD-1/PD-L1 Antagonists
Sznol M. Combination Strategies PD-1/PD-L1 Antagonists. The Cancer Journal 2018, 24: 54-57. PMID: 29360729, DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000304.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorHumansMelanomaProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsPD-1/PD-L1 antagonistsPD-L1 antagonistsClinical antitumor activityEarly clinical developmentClinical trial designOptimal combination partnersSuboptimal responsePromising regimensCombination partnersMechanisms of resistanceCombination trialsClinical progressIndividual patientsOptimal doseBiomarker strategiesTrial designClinical developmentOverall outcomeAntagonistPatientsPrior exposureAntitumor activityRegimensAgentsInnateA Serum Protein Signature Associated with Outcome after Anti–PD-1 Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma
Weber JS, Sznol M, Sullivan RJ, Blackmon S, Boland G, Kluger HM, Halaban R, Bacchiocchi A, Ascierto PA, Capone M, Oliveira C, Meyer K, Grigorieva J, Asmellash SG, Roder J, Roder H. A Serum Protein Signature Associated with Outcome after Anti–PD-1 Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma. Cancer Immunology Research 2018, 6: 79-86. PMID: 29208646, DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0412.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute phase reactantsCheckpoint inhibitorsOverall survivalPhase reactantsIpilimumab-treated patientsPD-1 blockadeTrials of nivolumabBetter overall survivalIndependent patient cohortsPretreatment serumPD-1Melanoma patientsValidation cohortMetastatic melanomaMultipeptide vaccinePatient cohortPooled analysisWorse outcomesClinical dataPatientsMultivariate analysisComplement cascadeMass spectrometry analysisNivolumabCohort
2017
PD-L1 Studies Across Tumor Types, Its Differential Expression and Predictive Value in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Kluger HM, Zito CR, Turcu G, Baine M, Zhang H, Adeniran A, Sznol M, Rimm DL, Kluger Y, Chen L, Cohen JV, Jilaveanu LB. PD-L1 Studies Across Tumor Types, Its Differential Expression and Predictive Value in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Clinical Cancer Research 2017, 23: 4270-4279. PMID: 28223273, PMCID: PMC5540774, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3146.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerPD-L1 expressionRenal cell carcinomaPD-1 inhibitorsCell carcinomaImmune-infiltrating cellsMelanoma patientsPD-L1Tumor cellsTumor typesTumor-associated inflammatory cellsCTLA-4 inhibitorsCell lung cancerRenal cell carcinoma cellsHigh response rateClin Cancer ResCell linesMelanoma tumor cellsPD-1Multivariable analysisNSCLC specimensInflammatory cellsLung cancerTissue microarrayResponse rateEndocrine-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade and expert insights on their management
Sznol M, Postow MA, Davies MJ, Pavlick AC, Plimack ER, Shaheen M, Veloski C, Robert C. Endocrine-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade and expert insights on their management. Cancer Treatment Reviews 2017, 58: 70-76. PMID: 28689073, DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.06.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic AgentsB7-H1 AntigenCTLA-4 AntigenEndocrine System DiseasesHumansIpilimumabNeoplasmsNivolumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsImmune-related adverse eventsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsCytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4Checkpoint inhibitorsEndocrine eventsAdverse eventsTypes of irAEsEndocrine-related adverse eventsT-lymphocyte antigen-4Replacement of hormonesDeath receptor-1Target organ damageClose patient monitoringImmune checkpoint blockadeNon-specific symptomsAppropriate laboratory testingImmune checkpoint proteinsCheckpoint blockadeGrade 1/2Organ damageClinical benefitAdrenal glandAntigen-4Endocrine functionGastrointestinal tractNuclear IRF-1 expression as a mechanism to assess “Capability” to express PD-L1 and response to PD-1 therapy in metastatic melanoma
Smithy JW, Moore LM, Pelekanou V, Rehman J, Gaule P, Wong PF, Neumeister VM, Sznol M, Kluger HM, Rimm DL. Nuclear IRF-1 expression as a mechanism to assess “Capability” to express PD-L1 and response to PD-1 therapy in metastatic melanoma. Journal For ImmunoTherapy Of Cancer 2017, 5: 25. PMID: 28331615, PMCID: PMC5359951, DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0229-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, PharmacologicalDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansImmunotherapyInterferon Regulatory Factor-1IpilimumabMaleMelanomaMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasms, Second PrimaryNivolumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorConceptsProgression-free survivalObjective radiographic responsePD-L1 expressionPD-L1IRF-1 expressionMetastatic melanomaAnti-PD-1 therapyCombination ipilimumab/nivolumabHigh PD-L1 expressionAnti-PD-1 immunotherapyYale-New Haven HospitalIpilimumab/nivolumabPD-1 therapyPR/CRPre-treatment formalinRECIST v1.1 criteriaDeath ligand 1Valuable predictive biomarkerMajor unmet needNew Haven HospitalInterferon regulatory factor 1Combination ipilimumabProgressive diseaseRadiographic responseComplete response
2015
Overall Survival and Long-Term Safety of Nivolumab (Anti–Programmed Death 1 Antibody, BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Gettinger SN, Horn L, Gandhi L, Spigel DR, Antonia SJ, Rizvi NA, Powderly JD, Heist RS, Carvajal RD, Jackman DM, Sequist LV, Smith DC, Leming P, Carbone DP, Pinder-Schenck MC, Topalian SL, Hodi FS, Sosman JA, Sznol M, McDermott DF, Pardoll DM, Sankar V, Ahlers CM, Salvati M, Wigginton JM, Hellmann MD, Kollia GD, Gupta AK, Brahmer JR. Overall Survival and Long-Term Safety of Nivolumab (Anti–Programmed Death 1 Antibody, BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2015, 33: 2004-2012. PMID: 25897158, PMCID: PMC4672027, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.58.3708.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall survivalLong-term safetyAdvanced NSCLCLung cancerDeath-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodyAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerNon-small cell lung cancerImmune checkpoint inhibitor antibodyTreatment-related adverse eventsCheckpoint inhibitor antibodyTreatment-related deathsMedian overall survivalMedian response durationAdvanced solid tumorsPhase I trialCell lung cancerRandomized clinical trialsFurther clinical developmentHuman immunoglobulin G4Nivolumab 1Nivolumab monotherapyExpansion cohortLast doseNonsquamous NSCLCAdverse eventsSurvival, Durable Response, and Long-Term Safety in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Nivolumab
McDermott DF, Drake CG, Sznol M, Choueiri TK, Powderly JD, Smith DC, Brahmer JR, Carvajal RD, Hammers HJ, Puzanov I, Hodi FS, Kluger HM, Topalian SL, Pardoll DM, Wigginton JM, Kollia GD, Gupta A, McDonald D, Sankar V, Sosman JA, Atkins MB. Survival, Durable Response, and Long-Term Safety in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Nivolumab. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2015, 33: 2013-2020. PMID: 25800770, PMCID: PMC4517051, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.58.1041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsCarcinoma, Renal CellCohort StudiesDisease-Free SurvivalDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHumansKidney NeoplasmsMaleMaximum Tolerated DoseMiddle AgedNivolumabPatient SafetyProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsAdvanced renal cell carcinomaRenal cell carcinomaLong-term safetyOverall survivalDurable responsesTreatment-refractory solid tumorsTreatment-related adverse eventsOngoing randomized clinical trialsImpact of nivolumabMedian overall survivalMedian response durationPortion of patientsDuration of responseRandomized clinical trialsDrug discontinuationIntravenous nivolumabStable diseaseExpansion cohortTreatment discontinuationAdverse eventsObjective responseAdditional patientsAntibody nivolumabCell surface moleculesCell carcinomaPrecipitation of Autoimmune Diabetes With Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy
Hughes J, Vudattu N, Sznol M, Gettinger S, Kluger H, Lupsa B, Herold KC. Precipitation of Autoimmune Diabetes With Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy. Diabetes Care 2015, 38: e55-e57. PMID: 25805871, PMCID: PMC4370325, DOI: 10.2337/dc14-2349.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsCombination Therapy with Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Leads to Distinct Immunologic Changes In Vivo
Das R, Verma R, Sznol M, Boddupalli CS, Gettinger SN, Kluger H, Callahan M, Wolchok JD, Halaban R, Dhodapkar MV, Dhodapkar KM. Combination Therapy with Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Leads to Distinct Immunologic Changes In Vivo. The Journal Of Immunology 2015, 194: 950-959. PMID: 25539810, PMCID: PMC4380504, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401686.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, SurfaceAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCTLA-4 AntigenCytokinesGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansImmunophenotypingIpilimumabLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingNeoplasmsNivolumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorSignal TransductionT-Lymphocyte SubsetsConceptsPD-1T cellsCTLA-4Checkpoint blockadeCombination therapyReceptor occupancyCombination immune checkpoint blockadeCTLA-4 immune checkpointsPD-1 receptor occupancyTransitional memory T cellsAnti-PD-1 therapyAnti CTLA-4Immune-based combinationsPD-1 blockadeSoluble IL-2RImmune checkpoint blockadeNK cell functionMemory T cellsTherapy-induced changesT cell activationTumor T cellsHuman T cellsRemarkable antitumor effectImmunologic changesImmunologic effects
2014
Release the Hounds! Activating the T-Cell Response to Cancer
Sznol M, Longo DL. Release the Hounds! Activating the T-Cell Response to Cancer. New England Journal Of Medicine 2014, 372: 374-375. PMID: 25482238, DOI: 10.1056/nejme1413488.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsDacarbazineFemaleHodgkin DiseaseHumansImmunotherapyMaleMelanomaNivolumabProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptor