2021
Understanding HIV outbreak among children in a rural community of Sindh province of Pakistan.
Altaf A, Shah SA, Khanani R, Vermund SH. Understanding HIV outbreak among children in a rural community of Sindh province of Pakistan. Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2021, 71(Suppl 4): s1-s4. PMID: 34469421, PMCID: PMC10768810.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChallenges of Antiretroviral Treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Pakistan.
Shah SA, Altaf A, Vermund SH. Challenges of Antiretroviral Treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Pakistan. Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2021, 71: 788-790. PMID: 34057921, PMCID: PMC10768808.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2016
A second major HIV outbreak in Larkana, Pakistan.
Altaf A, Pasha S, Vermund SH, Shah SA. A second major HIV outbreak in Larkana, Pakistan. Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2016, 66: 1510-1511. PMID: 27924955, PMCID: PMC10767707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRisk Factors for Loss to Follow-Up among People Who Inject Drugs in a Risk Reduction Program at Karachi, Pakistan. A Case-Cohort Study
Samo RN, Agha A, Shah SA, Altaf A, Memon A, Blevins M, Qian HZ, Vermund SH. Risk Factors for Loss to Follow-Up among People Who Inject Drugs in a Risk Reduction Program at Karachi, Pakistan. A Case-Cohort Study. PLOS ONE 2016, 11: e0147912. PMID: 26840414, PMCID: PMC4739707, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147912.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCase-cohort studyMale PWIDHarm reduction programsRisk reduction programsRisk factorsReduction programsNeedle/syringe exchangeProspective cohort studyMultivariable logistic regressionResource-limited settingsHistory of incarcerationCohort studyMedian ageIncidence rateSyringe exchangePWIDMale peopleYounger ageLogistic regressionYoung menMonthsKarachiMenActive outreachProgrammatic challenges
2015
Viral co-infections in high-risk communities of Pakistan
Shah AA, Abidi SH, Kalish ML, Vermund SH, Ali S. Viral co-infections in high-risk communities of Pakistan. The Lancet HIV 2015, 2: e124-e125. PMID: 26424672, DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(15)00039-9.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Importance of research and services among people who inject drugs in Pakistan.
Altaf A, Shah SA, Vermund S. Importance of research and services among people who inject drugs in Pakistan. Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2014, 64: 1413-4. PMID: 25842589.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2013
High HIV Incidence among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Pakistan: Greater Risk with Needle Sharing and Injecting Frequently among the Homeless
Samo RN, Altaf A, Agha A, Pasha O, Rozi S, Memon A, Azam S, Blevins M, Vermund SH, Shah SA. High HIV Incidence among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Pakistan: Greater Risk with Needle Sharing and Injecting Frequently among the Homeless. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e81715. PMID: 24358123, PMCID: PMC3864804, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081715.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncidence of HIVHIV seroconversionIncidence rateMultivariable Cox regression analysisNeedle/syringe exchangeCohort of PWIDHIV-seronegative personsHigh HIV incidenceOpiate substitution therapyCox regression analysisHIV incidence ratesHIV risk reductionSharing of syringesRisk reductionSubstance abuse treatmentSeronegative personsCohort studyRisk reduction programsHIV incidencePerson yearsSubstitution therapyDaily injectionsNeedle sharingRisk factorsPrevalence rates
2011
Prevalence of syphilis among antenatal clinic attendees in Karachi: imperative to begin universal screening in Pakistan.
Shah SA, Kristensen S, Memon MA, Usman G, Ghazi A, John R, Sathiakumar N, Vermund SH. Prevalence of syphilis among antenatal clinic attendees in Karachi: imperative to begin universal screening in Pakistan. Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2011, 61: 993-7. PMID: 22356034, PMCID: PMC3574871.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntenatal clinic attendeesClinic attendeesRisk factorsMulti-center cross-sectional studySyphilis seroprevalence ratesLow-risk populationPrevalence of syphilisCross-sectional studyHigh prevalence ratesCases of syphilisMale drug useUniversal syphilisAntenatal clinicPartner notificationSyphilis serologySeroprevalence ratesPrevalence ratesSyphilis controlUniversal screeningBlood samplesRisk populationsDrug usersDrug useMultivariate analysisSyphilisAntiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations Among Treated and Treatment-Naive Patients in Pakistan: Diversity of the HIV Type 1 pol Gene in Pakistan
Shah S, Xing H, Altaf A, Chen B, Liao L, Jia Y, Vermund SH, Shao Y. Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations Among Treated and Treatment-Naive Patients in Pakistan: Diversity of the HIV Type 1 pol Gene in Pakistan. AIDS Research And Human Retroviruses 2011, 27: 1277-1282. PMID: 21591988, PMCID: PMC3227241, DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0324.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersAntiretroviral drugsDrug resistanceAntiretroviral drug resistance mutationsCalibrated Population Resistance toolHIV-1 subtype A1HIV-1-infected participantsPartial reverse transcriptase regionsARV drug resistanceARV-naive patientsPopulation Resistance toolSpouses of HIVTreatment-naive patientsPrimary drug resistanceHIV-1 subtypesDrug resistance mutationsFemale sex workersReverse transcriptase regionBlood spot cardsNaive patientsHIV patientsDrug adherenceSubtype DARV resistancePredominant subtype
2010
Randomized controlled trial to improve childhood immunization adherence in rural Pakistan: redesigned immunization card and maternal education
Usman HR, Rahbar MH, Kristensen S, Vermund SH, Kirby RS, Habib F, Chamot E. Randomized controlled trial to improve childhood immunization adherence in rural Pakistan: redesigned immunization card and maternal education. Tropical Medicine And International Health 2010, 16: 334-342. PMID: 21159080, PMCID: PMC3763701, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02698.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStandard care groupMother-child pairsImmunization cardPublic health impactCare groupIntervention groupStudy groupCard groupEnd of followEducation groupDTP immunizationImmunization adherenceEPI scheduleFirst doseImmunization visitsStandard careMaternal educationStudy outcomesSubstantial dropoutHealth impactsImmunizationDTP3ChildrenDoseTrialsRisk factors and prevalence of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among prisoners in Pakistan
Kazi AM, Shah SA, Jenkins CA, Shepherd BE, Vermund SH. Risk factors and prevalence of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among prisoners in Pakistan. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2010, 14: e60-e66. PMID: 20189863, PMCID: PMC2905608, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.11.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusPrevalence of tuberculosisImmunodeficiency virusC virusB virusInjection drug use-related infectionsCommunity-based health providersAcid-fast bacilli smearPost-discharge planningInfectious disease screeningRapid plasma reaginCross-sectional surveyPossible tuberculosisBacilli smearMedian lengthRisk factorsSputum samplesHealth providersDisease screeningSyphilisTuberculosisDrug addictionIllicit drugs
2009
Determinants of third dose of diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis (DTP) completion among children who received DTP1 at rural immunization centres in Pakistan: a cohort study
Usman HR, Kristensen S, Rahbar MH, Vermund SH, Habib F, Chamot E. Determinants of third dose of diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis (DTP) completion among children who received DTP1 at rural immunization centres in Pakistan: a cohort study. Tropical Medicine And International Health 2009, 15: 140-147. PMID: 19930140, PMCID: PMC2858790, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02432.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEPI centresImmunization dropoutThird doseCohort studyMultivariable log-binomial regression analysisLog-binomial regression analysisCentre of enrolmentStandard care groupMother-child pairsMonthly household incomeClinic visitsFirst doseImmunization centreIndependent predictorsMultivariable analysisCare groupInitial immunizationExpanded ProgrammeDTP1More childrenDoseChildrenRegression analysisImmunizationDTP3High-risk behaviours among juvenile prison inmates in Pakistan
Altaf A, Janjua NZ, Kristensen S, Zaidi NA, Memon A, Hook EW, Vermund SH, Shah SA. High-risk behaviours among juvenile prison inmates in Pakistan. Public Health 2009, 123: 470-475. PMID: 19615706, DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.06.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusCross-sectional studyHigh-risk behaviorsRisk behaviorsMultivariate logistic regression analysisHIV risk behaviorsLogistic regression analysisMean knowledge scoreMultiple sexual partnersUse of condomsMode of transmissionMale juvenile detaineesImmunodeficiency virusHigh riskRisk scoreChlamydia trachomatisUrine specimensLigase chain reactionCondom useKnowledge scoreNeisseria gonorrhoeaePrison inmatesSexual partnersBiological markersSexual activity
2008
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Pakistan: prevalence and risk factors
Ali SA, Donahue RM, Qureshi H, Vermund SH. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Pakistan: prevalence and risk factors. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2008, 13: 9-19. PMID: 18835208, PMCID: PMC2651958, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.06.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C antibodyHepatitis CHepatitis BRisk factorsAntigen prevalenceHigh burdenC antibodyActive hepatitis BChronic hepatitis CBlood product transfusionHigh-risk subgroupsHigh-risk populationNational prevalence estimatesMode of transmissionWorld's highest burdenUnsafe bloodChronic hepatitisProduct transfusionLiver failurePediatric populationHigh prevalenceHepatocellular carcinomaNeedle usePrevalence estimatesHealthy adults
2007
Syndromic management training for non-formal care providers in Pakistan improves quality of care for sexually transmitted diseases STD care: a randomized clinical trial.
Shah SA, Kristensen S, Memon MA, White HL, Vermund SH. Syndromic management training for non-formal care providers in Pakistan improves quality of care for sexually transmitted diseases STD care: a randomized clinical trial. The Southeast Asian Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Public Health 2007, 38: 737-48. PMID: 17883016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSTD careIntervention groupCare providersControl groupRandomized clinical trialsThree-armed trialQuality of careCase management servicesSTD servicesSyndromic managementClinical trialsCondom provisionCondom useNon-formal providersExit interviewsCareTrialsGroupProvidersService deliveryManagement trainingPatientsReferralMore knowledgeMonths
2006
HIV/AIDS in Pakistan: has the explosion begun?
Vermund SH, White H, Shah SA, Altaf A, Kristensen S, Khanani R, Mujeeb SA. HIV/AIDS in Pakistan: has the explosion begun? Journal Of The Pakistan Medical Association 2006, 56: s1-2. PMID: 16689472.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2005
Antiretroviral drugs obtained without prescription for treatment of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan: patient mismanagement as a serious threat for drug resistance.
Shah SA, Altaf A, Khanani R, Vermund SH. Antiretroviral drugs obtained without prescription for treatment of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan: patient mismanagement as a serious threat for drug resistance. Journal Of College Of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan 2005, 15: 378. PMID: 15924851, DOI: 06.2005/jcpsp.378378.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1999
HIV-Infected Workers Deported from the Gulf States: Impact on Southern Pakistan
Shah SA, Khan OA, Kristensen S, Vermund SH. HIV-Infected Workers Deported from the Gulf States: Impact on Southern Pakistan. International Journal Of STD & AIDS 1999, 10: 812-814. PMID: 10639063, PMCID: PMC2564791, DOI: 10.1258/0956462991913600.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1997
HIV/AIDS and its risk factors in Pakistan
Khawaja Z, Gibney L, Ahmed A, Vermund S. HIV/AIDS and its risk factors in Pakistan. AIDS 1997, 11: 843-848. PMID: 9189208, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199707000-00002.Peer-Reviewed Original Research