2024
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging Project for Lung Cancer: Proposals for the Revision of the M Descriptors in the Forthcoming Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer
Fong K, Rosenthal A, Giroux D, Nishimura K, Erasmus J, Lievens Y, Marino M, Marom E, Putora P, Singh N, Suárez F, Rami-Porta R, Detterbeck F, Eberhardt W, Asamura H, Members of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee M. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging Project for Lung Cancer: Proposals for the Revision of the M Descriptors in the Forthcoming Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2024, 19: 786-802. PMID: 38320664, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.01.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchM1c patientsClassification of non-small cell lung cancerNon-small cell lung cancerLung Cancer Staging ProjectMultivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regressionKaplan-Meier methodCell lung cancerCox proportional hazards regressionOrgan systemsProportional hazards regressionM1b categoryM1c categoryMetastatic categoriesMultiple metastasesMetastatic lesionsOverall survivalTNM classificationCurrent tumorLung cancerM categoryHazards regressionM descriptorsDecreased prognosisPotential confoundersMetastasis
2021
Rates of invasive disease and outcomes in NSCLC patients with biopsy suggestive of carcinoma in situ
Talcott WJ, Miccio JA, Park HS, White AA, Kozono DE, Singer L, Sands JM, Sholl LM, Detterbeck FC, Mak RH, Decker RH, Kann BH. Rates of invasive disease and outcomes in NSCLC patients with biopsy suggestive of carcinoma in situ. Lung Cancer 2021, 157: 17-20. PMID: 34052704, DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.05.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerBiopsy suggestiveInvasive diseaseSitu diseaseSquamous histologySurvival outcomesTumor sizeObserved cohortNational Cancer DatabaseExcellent survival outcomesHalf of patientsCell lung cancerMultivariable logistic regressionResection of lesionsAdenocarcinoma histologyDefinitive therapyNSCLC patientsOverall survivalLocal therapyRisk stratificationLung cancerCancer DatabaseResectionSurgical pathologyLesion size
2018
Variable impact of prior cancer history on the survival of lung cancer patients
Monsalve AF, Hoag JR, Resio BJ, Chiu AS, Brown LB, Detterbeck FC, Blasberg JD, Boffa DJ. Variable impact of prior cancer history on the survival of lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2018, 127: 130-137. PMID: 30642541, DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.11.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerPrior cancer historyNational Cancer DatabaseCancer historyOverall survivalNSCLC patientsMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modelsTreatment approachesCox proportional hazards regression modelProportional hazards regression modelsKaplan-Meier survival curvesNSCLC patient survivalCell lung cancerHazards regression modelsLung cancer patientsPrior cancerPrior malignancyNSCLC survivalPatient survivalCancer patientsLung cancerCancer DatabasePatient's potentialPrior historyPatients
2017
Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Thymic Malignancies: An Examination of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group Retrospective Database
Padda SK, Yao X, Antonicelli A, Riess JW, Shang Y, Shrager JB, Korst R, Detterbeck F, Huang J, Burt BM, Wakelee HA, Badve SS. Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Thymic Malignancies: An Examination of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group Retrospective Database. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2017, 13: 436-446. PMID: 29191778, PMCID: PMC5983900, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.11.118.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsThymic epithelial tumorsIndependent prognostic factorOverall survivalPrognostic factorsPrognostic roleRetrospective databaseCox proportional hazards modelKaplan-Meier methodRecurrence-free survivalProportional hazards modelParaneoplastic syndromeCumulative incidenceResection statusTotal thymectomyMyasthenia gravisThymic malignanciesHistologic typeSyndrome statusFemale sexTreatment characteristicsEpithelial tumorsHazards modelLower CIRSyndromeMultivariate analysisThe Significance of Upfront Knowledge of N2 Disease in Non‐small Cell Lung Cancer
Thomas DC, Arnold BN, Rosen JE, Salazar MC, Detterbeck FC, Blasberg JD, Boffa DJ, Kim AW. The Significance of Upfront Knowledge of N2 Disease in Non‐small Cell Lung Cancer. World Journal Of Surgery 2017, 42: 161-171. PMID: 28799084, DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4165-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerUnsuspected N2 diseaseIII-N2 non-small cell lung cancerN2 diseaseCell lung cancerSurgical resectionAdjuvant chemotherapyAdjuvant therapyOverall survivalPathologic stageLung cancerMultivariate analysisCurative-intent surgical resectionStage IIIA NSCLCHigher comorbidity scoreNational Cancer DatabaseIndependent risk factorKaplan-Meier analysisCN2 diseaseIIIA NSCLCComorbidity scoreCancer DatabaseRisk factorsRetrospective analysisRadiation therapyEffectiveness of local therapy for stage I non–small-cell lung cancer in nonagenarians
Arnold BN, Thomas DC, Rosen JE, Salazar MC, Detterbeck FC, Blasberg JD, Boffa DJ, Kim AW. Effectiveness of local therapy for stage I non–small-cell lung cancer in nonagenarians. Surgery 2017, 162: 640-651. PMID: 28697883, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.04.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAged, 80 and overCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungConfidence IntervalsDatabases, FactualDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLogistic ModelsLung NeoplasmsMaleMultivariate AnalysisNeoplasm InvasivenessNeoplasm StagingOdds RatioPneumonectomyProportional Hazards ModelsRadiotherapyRegistriesRisk AssessmentSecondary PreventionSurvival AnalysisConceptsCell lung cancerLocal therapyLung cancerStage IRelative survivalStereotactic body radiation therapyNational Cancer DatabaseBetter overall survivalBody radiation therapyOlder patientsOverall survivalPatient ageYounger patientsOverall mortalityPrimary outcomeCancer DatabaseTreatment outcomesTreatment decisionsRadiation therapyPatientsTherapyCancerNonagenariansTreatmentSurvivalComparison of surgical approach and extent of resection for Masaoka-Koga Stage I and II thymic tumours in Europe, North America and Asia: an International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group retrospective database analysis†
Fang W, Yao X, Antonicelli A, Gu Z, Detterbeck F, Vallières E, Aye RW, Farivar AS, Huang J, Shang Y, Louie BE. Comparison of surgical approach and extent of resection for Masaoka-Koga Stage I and II thymic tumours in Europe, North America and Asia: an International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group retrospective database analysis†. European Journal Of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 2017, 52: 26-32. PMID: 28329118, PMCID: PMC6279116, DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtent of resectionThymic tumorsStage IAsian patientsSurgical approachOnly independent predictive factorMasaoka-Koga stage IMore stage IOutcomes of patientsPathological stage IIndependent predictive factorsIndependent risk factorOverall survival rateCumulative recurrence rateSmaller tumor sizeRetrospective database analysisNorth American patientsPartial thymectomyAdjuvant therapyParaneoplastic syndromeThymic carcinomaOverall survivalPerformance statusComplete resectionMyasthenia gravis
2016
Role of Adjuvant Therapy for Node-Negative Lung Cancer Invading the Chest Wall
Gao SJ, Corso CD, Blasberg JD, Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Decker RH, Kim AW. Role of Adjuvant Therapy for Node-Negative Lung Cancer Invading the Chest Wall. Clinical Lung Cancer 2016, 18: 169-177.e4. PMID: 27890561, DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2016.08.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerAdjuvant chemotherapyAdjuvant chemoradiation therapyUnderwent surgeryChemoradiation therapyChest wall resectionRadiation therapyMargin statusTumor sizeLung cancerWall resectionNode-negative lung cancerNational Cancer Data BaseCox proportional hazards modelMargin-positive patientsChest wall invasionCell lung cancerLog-rank testStage IIB tumorsProportional hazards modelAdjuvant therapyAdjuvant treatmentOverall survivalMultivariable analysisIIB tumorsTiming of Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Gao SJ, Corso CD, Wang EH, Blasberg JD, Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Decker RH, Kim AW. Timing of Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2016, 12: 314-322. PMID: 27720827, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.09.122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaCarcinoma, Large CellCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCarcinoma, Squamous CellChemoradiotherapy, AdjuvantCombined Modality TherapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm StagingPneumonectomyPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateTime FactorsConceptsNational Cancer Data BaseNeoadjuvant chemoradiationTiming of surgeryOverall survivalAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerNon-small cell lung cancerStage IIIA-N2 NSCLCStage IIIA NSCLCKaplan-Meier methodOverall survival rateSubset of patientsCell lung cancerLog-rank testMultivariate survival analysisProportional hazards modelIIIA NSCLCN2 NSCLCNeoadjuvant therapyTrimodality therapySurgical resectionClinical stageRetrospective studyLung cancerHazards modelSurvival ratePostoperative Radiation Therapy Is Associated with Longer Overall Survival in Completely Resected Stage II and III Thymoma—An Analysis of the International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group Retrospective Database
Rimner A, Yao X, Huang J, Antonicelli A, Ahmad U, Korst RJ, Detterbeck F, Gomez DR. Postoperative Radiation Therapy Is Associated with Longer Overall Survival in Completely Resected Stage II and III Thymoma—An Analysis of the International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group Retrospective Database. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2016, 11: 1785-1792. PMID: 27346413, PMCID: PMC5257334, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.06.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostoperative radiation therapyStage IIOS benefitRadiation therapyUse of PORTMasaoka-Koga stage IIInternational Thymic Malignancy Interest GroupStage II thymomaOverall survival benefitPrimary end pointMultivariate Cox modelLonger overall survivalLog-rank testIndividual patient dataImproved OSParaneoplastic syndromeOverall survivalSurvival benefitOS ratesHistologic subtypePatient populationRetrospective databaseUnivariate analysisCox modelThymomaLung Cancer in the Very Young: Treatment and Survival in the National Cancer Data Base
Arnold BN, Thomas DC, Rosen JE, Salazar MC, Blasberg JD, Boffa DJ, Detterbeck FC, Kim AW. Lung Cancer in the Very Young: Treatment and Survival in the National Cancer Data Base. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2016, 11: 1121-1131. PMID: 27103511, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.03.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung cancerNational Cancer Data BaseYounger patientsOlder patientsLung cancerRelative survivalStage IAdvanced stage non-small cell lung cancerCell lung cancerYears of ageAggressive therapyAggressive treatmentOverall survivalPatient demographicsPrimary outcomeTreatment patternsTumor characteristicsNSCLC casesPatientsStage IIIDetailed stagingSurvival informationOlder groupDistinct subsetsCancerComparison of outcomes between neuroendocrine thymic tumours and other subtypes of thymic carcinomas: a joint analysis of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group†
Filosso PL, Yao X, Ruffini E, Ahmad U, Antonicelli A, Huang J, Guerrera F, Venuta F, van Raemdonck D, Travis W, Lucchi M, Rimner A, Thomas P, Weder W, Rocco G, Detterbeck F, Korst R. Comparison of outcomes between neuroendocrine thymic tumours and other subtypes of thymic carcinomas: a joint analysis of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group†. European Journal Of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 2016, 50: 766-771. PMID: 27032473, PMCID: PMC6279171, DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezw107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeuroendocrine thymic tumoursRecurrence-free survivalThymic carcinomaOverall survivalSurvival rateThymic tumorsThoracic surgeonsFive-year recurrence-free survivalWorld Health Organization histological classificationRetrospective multicentre cohort studyInternational Thymic Malignancy Interest GroupMedian overall survivalMulticentre cohort studyEuropean SocietyKaplan-Meier methodThymic epithelial tumorsLarge clinical seriesLog-rank testComparison of outcomesGroup of tumorsR0 resectionCohort studyPrognostic factorsNET patientsTC patientsAdjuvant Chemotherapy for T3 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Additional Tumor Nodules in the Same Lobe
Salazar MC, Rosen JE, Arnold BN, Thomas DC, Kim AW, Detterbeck FC, Blasberg JD, Boffa DJ. Adjuvant Chemotherapy for T3 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Additional Tumor Nodules in the Same Lobe. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2016, 11: 1090-1100. PMID: 27013407, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdditional tumor nodulesAdjuvant chemotherapyT3 tumorsSame lobeTumor nodulesPostoperative chemotherapyOverall survivalSurgical resectionSurvival advantageNon-small cell lung cancerNational Cancer Data BaseNon-small cell lungAdditional pulmonary nodulesAdjuvant chemotherapy subgroupSurvival of patientsCell lung cancerSeparate tumor nodulesChemotherapy subgroupPrimary outcomeCell lungLung cancerChemotherapyCox modelRelative survivalPatientsDetection of Occult Micrometastases in Patients With Clinical Stage I Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Analysis of Mature Results of CALGB 9761 (Alliance)
Martin LW, D'Cunha J, Wang X, Herzan D, Gu L, Abraham N, Demmy TL, Detterbeck FC, Groth SS, Harpole DH, Krasna MJ, Kernstine K, Kohman LJ, Patterson GA, Sugarbaker DJ, Vollmer RT, Maddaus MA, Kratzke RA. Detection of Occult Micrometastases in Patients With Clinical Stage I Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Analysis of Mature Results of CALGB 9761 (Alliance). Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2016, 34: 1484-1491. PMID: 26926677, PMCID: PMC4872306, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.63.4543.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsN2 lymph nodesStage I NSCLCDisease-free survivalOccult micrometastasesLymph nodesCell lung cancerOverall survivalLung cancerStage IClinical stage I NSCLCPathologic stage I NSCLCComplete surgical stagingClinical stage IRT-PCRDecreased overall survivalNegative lymph nodesWorse survival rateSquamous cell carcinomaReal-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactionMulti-institutional trialReverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactionTranscriptase-polymerase chain reactionWarrants further investigationSurgical stagingPrognostic significance
2015
Multimodality therapy for locally advanced thymomas: A propensity score–matched cohort study from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database
Leuzzi G, Rocco G, Ruffini E, Sperduti I, Detterbeck F, Weder W, Venuta F, Van Raemdonck D, Thomas P, Facciolo F, Group E. Multimodality therapy for locally advanced thymomas: A propensity score–matched cohort study from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Journal Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgery 2015, 151: 47-57.e1. PMID: 26403869, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.08.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsiaChemotherapy, AdjuvantChildChi-Square DistributionDatabases, FactualDisease ProgressionDisease-Free SurvivalEuropeFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingNorth AmericaPropensity ScoreProportional Hazards ModelsRadiotherapy, AdjuvantRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSocieties, MedicalThymectomyThymomaThymus NeoplasmsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeTumor BurdenYoung AdultConceptsRelapse-free survivalAdvanced thymomaMultimodality therapyOverall survivalT classificationPropensity score-matched cohort studyMultivariate Cox proportional hazards modelPropensity score-matched analysisCox proportional hazards modelPathologic T classificationStage III thymomaThoracic Surgeons databaseSignificant survival advantageSpecific pathologic featuresStrong predictive factorProportional hazards modelInduction therapyAdjuvant therapyPT3 tumorsCohort studyIndependent predictorsPrognostic impactMultivariable analysisPathologic featuresPredictive factorsEvaluating the fate of patients who undergo resections of very large, node-negative lung cancers using the National Cancer DataBase
Liu J, Hancock JG, Moreno AC, Wang Z, Boffa DJ, Detterbeck FC, Kim AW. Evaluating the fate of patients who undergo resections of very large, node-negative lung cancers using the National Cancer DataBase. European Journal Of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 2015, 49: 596-601. PMID: 25890936, DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezv139.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCarcinoma, Squamous CellChemoradiotherapy, AdjuvantDatabases, FactualFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLung NeoplasmsLymph NodesMaleMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm StagingPneumonectomyRetrospective StudiesSurvival AnalysisTreatment OutcomeTumor BurdenUnited StatesConceptsPostoperative radiation therapyNational Cancer DatabaseNeoadjuvant chemoradiation therapyAdjuvant chemoradiation therapyChemoradiation therapyAdjuvant chemotherapyOverall survivalSurgical therapyLung cancerCancer DatabaseNode-negative lung cancerImproved OS relativeLymph node involvementKaplan-Meier methodCell lung cancerCox regression modelFate of patientsLog-rank testDifferent treatment modalitiesOS relativeNode involvementMetastatic diseaseSurgical resectionLymph nodesOS ratesBolstering the Case for Lobectomy in Stages I, II, and IIIA Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using the National Cancer Data Base
Combs SE, Hancock JG, Boffa DJ, Decker RH, Detterbeck FC, Kim AW. Bolstering the Case for Lobectomy in Stages I, II, and IIIA Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using the National Cancer Data Base. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2015, 10: 316-323. PMID: 25319182, DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000402.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmall cell lung cancerNational Cancer Data BaseSurgical resectionStage ISCLC patientsSublobar resectionOverall survivalLung cancerIIIA small cell lung cancerFive-year overall survivalAddition of surgeryClinical stage IPatient underwent surgeryPrimary surgical resectionKaplan-Meier methodLikelihood of deathCurative intentComorbidity scoreUnderwent surgeryChemoradiation therapyHazard ratioMetastatic diseaseMultimodality treatmentSelect patientsTreatment regimen
2014
Thymic carcinoma outcomes and prognosis: Results of an international analysis
Ahmad U, Yao X, Detterbeck F, Huang J, Antonicelli A, Filosso PL, Ruffini E, Travis W, Jones DR, Zhan Y, Lucchi M, Rimner A. Thymic carcinoma outcomes and prognosis: Results of an international analysis. Journal Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgery 2014, 149: 95-101.e2. PMID: 25524678, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.09.124.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedChemotherapy, AdjuvantDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingPractice Patterns, Physicians'Proportional Hazards ModelsRadiotherapy, AdjuvantRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsThymectomyThymomaThyroid NeoplasmsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsRecurrence-free survivalEarly Masaoka stageR0 resectionOverall survivalRadiation therapyMasaoka stageThymic carcinomaMale genderLonger recurrence-free survivalMedian overall survivalStage IV diseaseAdjuvant radiation therapyMasaoka stage IPreoperative radiation therapyPrimary outcome measureSquamous cell carcinomaPredominant histologic subtypeAdjuvant chemotherapyImproved OSInduction chemotherapyProlonged OSCumulative incidenceHistologic subtypeMultivariable analysisTreatment patternsDevelopment of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group International Database: An Unprecedented Resource for the Study of a Rare Group of Tumors
Huang J, Ahmad U, Antonicelli A, Catlin AC, Fang W, Gomez D, Loehrer P, Lucchi M, Marom E, Nicholson A, Ruffini E, Travis W, Van Schil P, Wakelee H, Yao X, Detterbeck F, Committee and Contributors O. Development of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group International Database: An Unprecedented Resource for the Study of a Rare Group of Tumors. Journal Of Thoracic Oncology 2014, 9: 1573-1578. PMID: 25521402, DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000269.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInternational Thymic Malignancy Interest GroupThymic carcinomaThymic carcinoidMedian overall survivalSingle-institution seriesOverall survivalThymic malignanciesMyasthenia gravisRare tumorHistologic classificationSex distributionThymomaCarcinoidsCarcinomaRetrospective dataType B2Rare groupTumorsPatientsMalignancyGreater proportionInternational databasesYearsGravisGroupOutcome of primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus: A joint analysis of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons databases
Filosso PL, Yao X, Ahmad U, Zhan Y, Huang J, Ruffini E, Travis W, Lucchi M, Rimner A, Antonicelli A, Guerrera F, Detterbeck F, Committee E. Outcome of primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus: A joint analysis of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons databases. Journal Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgery 2014, 149: 103-109.e2. PMID: 25308116, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.08.061.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChemotherapy, AdjuvantDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingNeuroendocrine TumorsProportional Hazards ModelsRadiotherapy, AdjuvantRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsThymectomyThymus NeoplasmsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultConceptsInternational Thymic Malignancy Interest GroupMasaoka-Koga stageOverall survivalCompleteness of resectionPrimary neuroendocrine tumorThoracic Surgeons databasePrognostic factorsHistologic subtypeSurgeons databaseNeuroendocrine tumorsHigher biologic aggressivenessMasaoka-Koga stage ICommon histologic subtypeMedian overall survivalEuropean SocietyRetrospective multicenter studyKaplan-Meier methodStrong prognostic factorLog-rank testInduction therapyAdjuvant treatmentCumulative incidenceResection statusComplete resectionMulticenter study